脲改性OEO低泡渗透剂的合成与性能  

Syntheses and performances of novel low-foaming urea-modified penetrating agents from OEO

作　　者：牛庆华[1] 陈骥[1] 何志强[1] 方云[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学化学与材料工程学院,食品胶体与生物技术教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《化工进展》2013年第9期2175-2179,2220,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAE52B01);江苏省精细石油化工重点实验室开放基金(KF0903);江南大学博士研究生科学研究基金(JUDCF09007)项目

摘　　要：对辛/癸基聚氧乙烯醚(OEO)进行脲封端改性,合成了两种新型脲改性OEO低泡渗透剂,即氨基甲酸辛/癸基聚氧乙烯酯(OEO-U)和N,N-二甲氨基甲酸辛/癸基聚氧乙烯酯(OEO-DMU),采用FT-IR和1H NMR表征得到了预期的目标产物。脲与OEO在130℃下反应6 h获得OEO-U的收率高达93.2%;N,N-二甲基脲与OEO在DMF回流温度下反应6 h获得OEO-DMU的收率高达93.8%。考察了它们的起泡体积和渗透时间随温度或浓度的变化率以及相对OEO的比泡沫随时间的变化率。性能实验结果表明,两种脲改性渗透剂与原料的起泡力有以下关系:OEO-DMU<OEO-U<OEO,即OEO-DMU的低泡性最好;渗透力有以下关系:OEO-DMU<OEO-U≤OEO,即OEO-U与OEO具有相近且较好的渗透性;比泡沫实验结果间接表明两种脲改性OEO渗透剂均具有很好的水解稳定性。Octyl/decyl polyethylene oxide（OEO） was modified by nitrogen-capping to improve its low-foaming property and maintain its excellent penetrating property in the meantime.Two novel penetrating agents,octyl/decyl polyethyleneoxide ether carbamate（OEO-U） and octyl/decyl polyethyleneoxide ether N,N-dimethyl carbamate（OEO-DMU） were synthesized from OEO and urea or N,N-dimethylurea,which was confirmed by FT-IR and 1 H NMR.The JFD-U yield of 93.2% was obtained when OEO reacted with urea under 130 ℃ for 6 h,and the JFD-DMU yield of 93.8% was obtained when OEO reacted with N,N-dimethylurea under reflux temperature of DMF for 6 h.Both foaming volumes and penetrating times against concentrations of penetrating agents were investigated.Hydrolytic stabilities of these penetrating agents were expressed by means of the variation of foaming ratio of modified penetrating agents over OEO against time.The experimental results showed that foaming power of two novel penetrating agents compared with OEO as follows：OEO-DMUOEOUOEO,and the order of penetrating power as follows：OEO-DMUOEO-U≤OEO.Moreover,the foaming ratios of two novel penetrating agents were stable,which suggested that they have excellent hydrolytic stability.

关 键 词：渗透剂 低泡 辛 癸基聚氧乙烯醚 脲改性 封端反应 

分 类 号：TQ423.91[化学工程]