土壤含水量对蝠蛾幼虫僵化及子座萌发生长的影响  

Effects of Soil Moistures on Muscardine Cadavers of Hepialus Larvae and Germination and Growth of Stroma of Ophiocordyceps sinensis

作　　者：张德利[1] 贺宗毅[1] 鲁增辉[1] 刘飞[1] 涂永勤[1] 陈仕江[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2013年第4期1553-1556,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81173478;81173479;81173478);重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2012jjA10102);重庆市卫生局中医药科技项目(2010-1-159)

摘　　要：本文研究土壤含水量对冬虫夏草形成过程中寄主虫体僵化、子座萌发生长的影响,为完善冬虫夏草菌种培育技术提供参考。将大龄感菌蝠蛾幼虫、僵虫及已分化子座僵虫置于不同含水量的土壤基质表层,分别观察僵化、子座萌发、子座生长发育情况。结果表明,土壤含水量对蝠蛾幼虫僵化的影响较小,最高僵化率为36.65%,最低为26.65%;土壤含水量对冬虫夏草子座萌发影响是比较显著。从子座萌发结果来看,土壤含水量40%~70%的处理显著好于土壤含水量为30%的处理,土壤含水量60%下萌发率最高为80%,土壤含水量为30%处理下僵虫萌发率最低为26.65%.从土壤含水量对冬虫夏草子座生长发育影响结果来看,前期阶段土壤含水量对子座生长发育的影响较小,各处理生长发育进度相当,无显著差异;后期对生长发育影响显著,土壤含水量为30%处理下,子座几乎停止了生长,而土壤含水量为50%~70%处理下生长迅速,子座生长长度、发育速度显著好于土壤含水量为30%的处理。建议在冬虫夏草人工培殖过程中,蝠蛾幼虫僵化及子座萌发生长阶段,应该加强对土壤水分的管理,将土壤含水量维持在50%~70%之间,以保证冬虫夏草子座的正常萌发生长。In this paper, the effects of soil moisture on the musoardine cadavers of Hepialus larvae and the germination and gowth of stroma of Ophiocordyceps sine^is were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the artificial cultivation of Ophiocordyceps sinensis. The older larvae, musoardine cadavers and just germinal muscardlne cadavers were put on soft surface with different moisture content, and then musoardine, germination and growth of stroma were observed, respectively. The results showed that the effects of soil moisture content on musoardine of Hepialus larvae was less, the highest rigidity rate was 36.65 % , and the minimum 26.65 %. Effect of soil moisture content on germination of Oph/ocordyceps s/ncns/s was significant. As to stroma germination results, the effect of 40 % -70 % soil moisture content was significantly hatter than that of 30 % soil moisture content, When soil moisture content was 60 %, the germination rate reached the highest （80 % ） ,and when soil moisture content was 30 % ,the germination rate was the lowest （26.65 % ）. Judging from the results of the growth and develop- ment of stroma, soil moisture content had a little effect on the growth and development of stmma in the early stage, the development progress of stroma were almost consistent and had no significant difference. Soil moisture content had obvious effects on the growth and development of stroma in the later stage, when soil moisture content was 30 %, the stavma almost stopped growing, but the stzomo grew rapidly in the soil of 50 % -70 % moisture content, the stroma growth length and develop rate was significantly better than that of 30 % soil moisture content. It is recommended that management of soil moisture should be strengthened and soil moisture content was controlled between 50 % and 70 % to guarantee the normal germination and g^wth of strema at formation stage of Oph/ocordyceps s/nens/s.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 僵化 子座 萌发和生长 

分 类 号：R282.3[医药卫生—中药学]