拮抗菌与有机肥配合防治黄瓜连作障碍及提高黄瓜品质研究  

Effects of Antagonistic Microbes and Organic Fertilizer Mixtures on Growth and Quality of Cucumber

作　　者：吴洪生[1] 周晓冬[1] 闫霜[1] 刘小雪[1] 王增辉[1] 孔祥云[1] 刘正柱 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学农业资源与环境系,江苏南京210044 [2]淮安市农业委员会,江苏淮安223008

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2013年第4期1604-1607,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(cx(10)205);江苏省六大人才高峰培养计划(2009142);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2009346)

摘　　要：为了开发能够缓解黄瓜连作障碍的微生物有机肥，提高连作土壤黄瓜生产率和品质。采用不同浓度和比例的拮抗菌枯草芽孢杆菌、舒展曲霉和以鸡粪为主发酵而成的有机肥混合成微生物有机肥，应用于连作障碍黄瓜的生产上。结果表明，微生物有机肥能够取代化肥满足黄瓜生长期间的养分需求，能抑制黄瓜病害的发生，发病率比对照和化肥处理分别下降47．4％-69．6％和58．7％-57．6％，同时，微生物有机肥能极大地提高黄瓜Vc和可溶性糖含量，大幅度减少硝酸盐在黄瓜果实中的残留和积累，以有机肥中含有枯草芽孢杆菌10^8da／g、舒展曲霉活孢子10^5cfh／g处理效果最好，每株黄瓜植株施用500g最佳，与化肥处理相比，黄瓜Vc和可溶性糖分别提高66．3％和31．9％，而硝酸盐含量下降95％。Microbial organic fertilizer was developed to tackle or control long-time moncoropping disorder for cucumber in soil to increase soil productivity and cucumber quality. Different concentrations and ratios of antagonistic microbes, Bacillus subtilis and Asperglllus effusus Ti- raboschi, mixed with chicken-based fermented organic fertilizer were investigated to control long-time monocrepping for cucumber in soil. Results showed microbial organic fertilizer can substitute chemical fertilizer for cucumber growth in requirements for nutrients. Microbial or- ganic fertilizer inhibited wilt incidence of cucumber, the incidence rate was decreased by 47.4% - 69.6 % and 58.7% - 57.6 % compared to treatments in CK and chemical fertilizer. Furthermore, microbial organic fertilizer greatly raised the content of Vc and soluble sugar in cu- cumber fruit and deeply reduced the content of NO3- in cucumber. Compared to treatment of chemical fertilizer, the optimal microbial organ- ic fertilizer was the combinations of Bacillus subtilis 108 cfulg and Aspergillus effusus Tiraboschi viable spore 105 chtlg with application rate of 500 g per plant, Vc and soluble increased by 66.3 and 31.9 % respectively, while the nitrate declined by 95 %.

关 键 词：黄瓜 连作障碍 拮抗菌 有机肥 品质 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]