高浓度氮磷对自然生物膜群落功能和结构的影响  

Effects of hyper-entrophic nitrogen and phosphorus additons on the functional and formational diversity of periphyton biofilms

作　　者：王金花[1,2] 吴永红[1] 冯彦房[1,2] 陆海鹰[1,2] 周徽[1,2] 杨林章[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]江苏省农业科学院,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第7期1236-1243,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171363);国家自然科学基金项目(41030640);中国科学院知识创新工程重要项目(KZCXZ-EW-QN401)

摘　　要：自然生物膜在生态工程污染物的去除中发挥十分重要作用,但是很少有关于高浓度氮磷水体与自然生物膜之间关系的研究。使用Biolog和磷脂脂肪酸技术来研究生物膜对高浓度氮和磷的反应,主要从生物膜微生物群落组成和微生物利用碳源利用的多样性角度进行探究。结果表明,对于不同富营养化状态,生物膜在微生物群落结构组成和功能多样性方面的反应不同。添加高浓度氮磷侵扰27 d后,仅影响了生物膜局部微生物群落结构,其中细菌中的G-为优势菌群,对于局部群落结构组变化影响较大。添加高浓度氮磷侵扰38 d后,随着氮磷浓度的增加,生物膜微生物对碳源利用能力提高。处理组碳源利用的微生物易于与对照组区分,但是处理组间对碳源利用能力相似。碳源的优先利用顺序依次为氨基酸、羧酸、糖类、多聚物、酚酸和胺类。其中对羧酸和多聚物的利用不同导致对照组与处理组对碳源利用能力的差异。Periphyton biofilm plays an important role in the removal of pollutants in ecological engineering,However,little information is available on the relationship between trophic state（high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus） and periphyton biofilm.The experiment was investigated using by Biolog and PLFA technologies.The results showed that the increasing hyper-eutrophic state affected the functional diversity of periphyton biofilm communities and the diversity of biofilm community structure.We got the following conclusions： 1） on the day 27 of addtion of high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus,only affects biofilm local microbial community structure,only partial community structure was changed.The Gram-negative bacteria（G-） played important roles in the partial periphyton community structure and were sensitive to trophic state shifts.2） on the day 38 of addtion of high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus,more carbon source type can be utilized by periphyton biofilms in higher hyper-eutrophic state.The treatment group（CK） carbon utilization microbial easily distinguished between the control group,but similarly with CK.The sequence of carbon sources utilization was amino acids,carboxylic acids,sugars,polymers,phenolic acids and amines.The different utilization of Carboxylic acids and polymers result in the difference of the control group and treatment group on the carbon utilization capacity.This study offers an insight to understand the periphyton-nutrient relationships in hyper-eutrophication waters,as well as providing valuable information to mitigate hyper-eutrophic state by manipulating the periphyton biofilm and nutrient.It also provides theoretical and technical support to improve the pollutant removal efficiency of ecological engineering.

关 键 词：富营养化 自然生物膜 群落组成 功能多样性 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]