野生毛樱桃SSR遗传多样性和遗传结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of Wild Prunus tomentosa Thunb.Based on Simple Sequence Repeats Markers

作　　者：宛甜[1] 蔡宇良[1] 冯瑛[1] 张雪[1] 何恒流[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第8期1544-1550,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家樱桃948项目(2009-4-11);国家樱桃行业专项(200903019-05);唐仲英育种专项(2009YZ033)

摘　　要：利用11对SSR多态性引物对秦岭山脉5个居群11个亚居群104份野生毛樱桃材料进行遗传多样性和遗传结构分析,以明确中国樱桃的种质资源,为樱桃育种以及生产中改良樱桃砧木提供理论依据。结果显示：（1）11对引物共检测出110个等位位点,各引物扩增的多态性条带在5~13个之间;观察到的平均等位基因数（A）为10,有效等位基因数（Ae）为7.586 3。（2）秦岭山脉天水居群的多态性比率（PPB）为69.55%、长安居群为76.53%、太白居群为81.36%、华阴居群为85.00%、眉县居群为92.17%,5个居群总的多态性比率为81.62%,各位点平均期望杂合度（He）为0.864 0。（3）秦岭山脉野生毛樱桃各居群的基因分化系数（Gst）为0.081 2,居群内的遗传分化占91.88%,居群间的遗传分化占8.12%;基于Gst测得基因流（Nm）为2.827 3,秦岭山脉Nei遗传距离为0.489 7,香农信息指数为2.101 9。研究认为,秦岭山脉野生毛樱桃的遗传多样性水平较高,遗传分化主要存在于居群内,且基因交流没有受到阻碍,居群内现存的遗传多样性水平对遗传漂变不敏感,但居群间存在适中的基因交流可能会降低整个种群的再分化。Eleven pairs of simple sequence primers were used to analyze genetic diversity and genetic structure of wild Prunus tomentosa Thunb.including 104 ecotypes,11 subpopulations and 5 populations from Qinling Mountain,in order to make clear of cherry germplasm resources in China,and provide theoretic reference for cherry breeding and cherry root stock modifying.The results showed that：（1）A total of 110 alleles of 11 loci were detected from 104 individuals and 5~13 alleles could be detected from each primer.The observed average number of alleles （A） was 10;the effective number of alleles （Ae） was 7.586 3.（2）The percentage of polymorphic loci （PPB） was 69.55% in Tianshui Valley,76.53% in Chang’an Valley,81.36% in Taibai Valley,85.00% in Huayin Valley,92.17% in Meixian Valley,and the total PPB was 81.62%.The higher level of expected heterozygosity （He） was 0.864 0.（3）The coefficient of gene differentiation （Gst） was 0.081 2,about 91.88% of gene differentiation was observed within the population,and 8.12% among the populations.Gene flow （Nm） was 2.827 3.The total Nei’s genetic distance was 0.489 7 and Shannon’s information index was 2.101 9.The research indicated that higher level of genetic diversity existed in wild P.tomentosa Thub.in Qinling Mountain.The genetic differentiation within population was higher than that among populations,and gene exchange was not hindered.It was not sensitive to genetic drift in the existing level of genetic diversity within population.However,moderate gene exchange existed among populations may reduce the redifferentiation of entire populations.

关 键 词：毛樱桃 SSR 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学]