中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究ⅩⅣ.卷柏科  

Spore Morphology of Pteridophytes from China ⅩⅣ.Selaginellaceae

作　　者：夏漪[1] 戴锡玲[1] 严岳鸿[2,3] 曹建国[1] 王全喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234 [2]上海辰山植物园 [3]中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心,上海201602

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第8期1595-1604,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(J50401);上海师范大学校理科科研基金(SK201231)

摘　　要：利用扫描电镜对中国产卷柏科25种植物孢子形态进行了观察。结果显示：（1）卷柏科植物大孢子为球状四面体，辐射对称；具三裂缝，裂缝为孢子半径的1/2~3/4；极面观一般为三角圆形或近圆形，赤道面观为近圆形、近扇形或近椭圆形；极轴长为158~548 μm，赤道轴长为196~675 μm。（2）小孢子为球状四面体，辐射对称；具三裂缝，裂缝为孢子半径的1/2~3/4或几达赤道线；极面观一般为近圆形或三角圆形，赤道面观为近圆形或近扇形；极轴长为10~40 μm，赤道轴长为17~63 μm。（3）孢子表面具颗粒状、瘤状、疣状、刺状、棒状、网状、片状、疣块状和脑状纹饰。研究认为，孢子形态特征可以作为该科亚属及种的分类学依据。The morphology of spores of 25 species of Selaginellaceae from China was examined using scanning electron microscope （SEM）.The results show that：（1）The megaspores are tetrahedral-globose,with a trilete,each of which has a length of about 1/2~3/4 of the spore radius.The megaspores are often rounded triangular or suborbicular in polar view,and suborbicular,fan-shaped or nearly elliptic in equatorial view.The length of polar axis is about 158~548 μm.The length of equatorial axis is about 196~675 μm.（2）The microspores are also tetrahedral-globose,with a trilete,each of which has a length of about 1/2~3/4 of the spore radius or almost equal to radius of the spores.The microspores are always suborbicular or rounded triangular in polar view,and suborbicular,nearly fan-shaped in equatorial view.The length of polar axis is about 10~40 μm.The length of equatorial axis is about 17~63 μm.（3）The ornamentation of the spores includes granulate,tuberculate,verrucate,spinate,baculate,reticulate,lamellate,verrucate-rugulate,and cerebriod.The spore morphology characteristics can be used as the criterions for the classification of subgenus and species of Selaginellaceae.

关 键 词：卷柏科 大孢子 小孢子 孢子形态 蕨类植物 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学] Q949.36