用RAPD和AFLP的方法对中国卤虫 (Artemia)种及亲缘关系的研究  

Phylogenetic Study of Anemia from China Using RAPD and AFLP Markers

作　　者：孙易[1] 宋文芹[1] 钟贻诚[1] 张闰生[1] 陈瑞阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生物学系,天津300071

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2000年第3期210-218,共9页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!39570091 This project was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：利用ＲＡＰＤ（随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ）和ＡＦＬＰ（扩增片段长度多态性）技术对不同种及种群卤虫的关系进行分析。 １０１个随机引物对４种卤虫Ａｆｒａｎｃｉｓｃａｎａ、Ａ ｕｒｍｉａｎａ、Ａ ｓｉｎｉｃａ和Ａ．ｐａｒｔｈｅｎｏｇｅｎｅｌｉｃａ基因组ＤＮＡ进行扩增，平均每个种获得７５１条带，其中４５８条带为多态性标记，每个引物提供平均７４个标记信息，聚类结果表明Ａ．ｓｉｎｉｃａ是不同于其他旧大陆两性生殖卤虫的一个独立的种。对来自 １５个种及品系的卤虫的 ＡＦＬＰ分析显示了非常好的遗传多态性，采用 １２对引物检测到 ５９４条带，其中 ４８０个为多态性标记。聚类结果表明来自西藏的两性生殖卤虫为不同于中国内陆两性生殖卤虫的新种。而孤雌生殖卤虫在进化过程中可能是多源的，中国内陆和沿海的孤雌生殖卤虫是沿着不同的途径进化的，内陆和沿海的孤雌生殖卤虫可能为不同的种。We have applied the techniques of RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) to the analysis of the relationships among Anemia species and strains. RAPD markers were successfully employed tO detect diversity and genetic differentiation among four species of brine shrimp: A. franciscana, A. urmiana, A. sinica, and A. parthenogenetica. Seventy, ten-base synthetic oligonucleotides were used to amplify a total of 458 distinct fragments. DNA polymorphisms were found in all the species examined; The highest Percentage of polymorphic bands found in A. parthenogenetica, was 28.8 Per cent There are significant differences between bisexual sibling species and parthenogenetic poptilations. A. parthenogenetica provided 94 specific molecular markers, while bisexual sibling species gave 27 specific molecular markers. A. sinica is a species distinct from the other Old World bisexual species. AFLP were used to analyze 15 Anemia species and strains for genetic diversity. They are extremely sensitive to even a small sequence variation and more polymorphism than RAPD. Using only 10 pairs of primer combinations, we detected 580 AFLP bands of which wets polymerphic. The RAPD and AFLP techniques are powerful DNA fingerprinting methods for classification of Anemia species and strains.

关 键 词：卤虫 RAPD AFLP 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学]