卫生杀虫剂常用剂型对手动式喷雾器雾化性能的影响  

The effect of commonly formulations of hygienic insecticide on the atomization performance of the manual type pressure spray

作　　者：史慧勤 李彦 杨振洲 韩华 黄清臻 李金有[2] 郭天宇[2] 王林[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军疾病预防控制所,北京100071 [2]中国检验检疫科学研究院

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2013年第4期257-260,共4页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：国家质检总局科研基金项目(2011IK154)

摘　　要：目的通过对不同喷雾液剂型对手动式喷雾器的雾化效果的比较,为卫生喷雾器性能评价和卫生杀虫剂剂型的科学选择提供参考。方法应用手压式喷雾器锥形喷头分别雾化乳油、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂微胶囊悬浮剂和纯水,观察和比较各剂型雾滴的粒谱分布、雾形分散等性能参数。结果与水剂雾化效果相比,除悬浮剂雾形分散角减小外,其余3种雾形分散度略有增大;结合雾粒分散均匀性观察,各剂型雾化效果表现为:乳油>微胶囊悬浮剂>水剂>可湿性粉剂>悬浮剂;各剂型雾粒比水剂型雾粒细,雾粒体积中径(VMD)均小于100μm,大小依次为乳油<微胶囊悬浮剂<可湿性粉剂<悬浮剂;雾粒尺寸分布跨度均大于水剂,依次为微胶囊悬浮剂>乳油>可湿性粉剂>悬浮剂。结论喷雾液的剂型是决定手压式喷雾器雾化效能的一个重要因素。其中均质性溶液的雾化效果好于非均质型,但雾粒小产生飘移的风险相对较高。卫生处理时应针对环境和防控对象合理选择喷雾剂型。Objective To provide the references on the sprayer performance evaluation and hygienic insecticide formulations scientific choice by comparing the atomization effect of different spray liquid formulations form the manual type pressure sprayer. Methods Water emulsion, wettable powder, suspension agent, microcapsule suspending agent and pure water were atomized by using manual type pressure sprayer with a conical nozzle nozzle. And then performance parameters such as the spray disperse degree, the droplets size distribution, the volume distribution and spray drift were observed and analyzed. Results Compared with water atomization effect, except for the spray shape spread angle of suspending agent decreased, the other three kinds of spray dispersion form were slightly increased. The performance of spray particles disperse uniformity was： missible oil 〉 microcapsule suspending agent 〉 water 〉 wettable powder 〉 suspending agent; the spray particles of four formulations were smaller than that of pure water; the volume intermediate diameter （VMD）of spray particles was： missible oil 〈 microcapsule suspending agent 〈 wettable powder 〈 span suspending agent. The distribution span of spray particles size of four formulations were greater than that of pure water followed by microcapsule suspending agent 〉 missible oil 〉 wettable powder 〉 suspending agent. Conclusion The spray liquid formulation is an important factor that influence on the atomizing efficiency of manual type pressure sprayer. The liquid atomization effect of the homogeneity atomizing liquid is better than that of the heterogeneity liquid, but the relatively higher spray drift risk of the former. Thus, reasonable selection of pesticide formulations should be focused on directing at health environment and control objects.

关 键 词：喷雾器 喷雾性能 杀虫剂 剂型 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]