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作 者:杜守宇 陈世敏[2] 张正学[2] 吴雪梅[2] 张青[2]
机构地区:[1]宁夏农业技术推广总站,宁夏银川750001 [2]彭阳县农业技术推广中心
出 处:《宁夏农林科技》2000年第4期1-4,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology
摘 要:针对覆膜穴播冬小麦效益上不去的现状 ,改覆膜穴播为膜侧条播 ,并对 3种栽培方式的效应进行了系统研究。结果表明 ,冬小麦膜侧条播栽培能增加温度 ,促进植株生长发育 ,集水保水 ,变无效降水为有效降水 ,大幅度提高水分生产效率 ,表现出超常的越冬保苗效果 ,幼穗分化及有效生育期明显延长。田间成穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别比露地条播小麦提高 14.2 %、16 .8%和 3.8% ,产量提高 34.5%。而且生产成本有所降低 ,纯收入增加 10 72 .2 3元 /hm2 ,增加 35.7% ,劳动生产率和物质费用收益率分别提高 32 .3%和 2 4 .9%。In the face of practical situation that the benefit of mulch-covered hole sowing of wheat was low, film-side drilling culture was adopted in place of mulch-covered hole sowing and a systematic study was made on the effects of 3 cultivation methods. The results show that the film-side drilling culture of winter wheat has the advantages of increasing temperature, promoting growth and development, collecting water and preserving moisture, bringing unavailable precipitation into effective utilization and largely increasing water productivity. It demonstrated extraordinary effect of taking care of seedlings and letting them live through the winter. The young panicle differentiation and active growing period was prolonged significantly. The percentage of earbearing tillers in the field, the number of grains per ear, thousand kernel weight and yield were 14.2%,16.8%,3.8% and 34.5% higher than those of uncovered drilling wheat respectively. It overcomes many disadvantages of mulch-covered hole sowing of wheat, reduces the production cost to some extent, increases net income by 1072.23 yuan per ha., or 35.7%, increases labor productivity and rate of return of material expense by 32.3% and 24.9% respectively.
分 类 号:S512.110.4[农业科学—作物学]
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