油基钻屑的生物处理  

Study on Biological Treatment of Oil-Based Drilling Cuttings

作　　者：单海霞[1] 何焕杰[1] 刘晓宇[2] 朱冬梅[3] 马金[1] 位华[1] 王中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化集团中原石油工程有限公司钻井工程技术研究院,河南濮阳457001 [2]中原油田技术监测中心,河南濮阳457001 [3]中国石化勘探南方分公司环境保护管理中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《江南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期470-474,共5页Joural of Jiangnan University (Natural Science Edition)　

基　　金：中国石化集团重点科技攻关项目(P12006)

摘　　要：收集3种石油降解菌,用于处理某油田钻井过程产生的油基钻屑。除油菌OBT被选为最佳降解菌。通过对影响油降解率的各种因素考察,得出优化油基钻屑的降解条件:初始pH 7～8,菌种接入量为0.005%,表面活性剂加量为0.08%、电子受体加量为1.2%,最适氮源为硝酸铵,磷源为磷酸二氢钾,加入量均为0.1%,降解180 d(每7 d翻耕,每30 d补加菌种),钻屑中油含量从134.7g/kg降至34.6 g/kg,除油率达74%以上。Three kinds of bacteria of degrading crude oil have been obtained and used to treat oil-based drilling cuttings from Zhongyuan oilfield. By investigating the influence of various factors on the oil degradation, OBT was the best. The optimal conditions for biological treatment were obtained. The initial pH value was 7 - 8. The amounts of bacteria, bio-surfactant, electron acceptor were 0.005%, 0.08% and 1.2%, respectively. The optimal N and P sources were NH4NO3 and K2HPO4, and the amount both were 0.1%, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the oil in cuttings could be degraded from 134.7 g/kg to 34.6 g/kg. The removal rate of oil was more than 74%.

关 键 词：油基钻屑 石油降解菌 生物技术 油降解率 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]