血液透析患者手卫生状况调查表的编制及信效度分析  

Formulation of hand hygiene questionnaire for maintenance hemodialysis patients and its reliability and vaiidity

作　　者：张耀全[1] 顾美红[2] 胡宏[1] 夏虹[2] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学医学院附属江阴医院肾内科,214400 [2]东南大学医学院附属江阴医院血液净化中心,214400

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2013年第22期2614-2617,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的编制合适的有关维持性血液透析（MHD）患者手卫生状况的调查分析量表，进行信效度检测，为下一步的调查分析并采取干预措施作准备。方法应用文献检索分析、专题小组讨论及专家咨询法制定量表，采取系统抽样法抽取300例MHD患者进行问卷调查，检验量表的信度和效度；调查1个月后对首次参与患者随机抽取50例进行实验验证分析。结果终量表包含洗手的意识、洗手的指征、手卫生知识及正确洗手的方法、患者不愿洗手因素及患者洗手方式5个维度共34个条目。总量表的Cronbach’sd系数为0．972，洗手的意识为0．813，洗手的指征为0．909，手卫生知识及正确洗手的方法为0．846，患者不愿洗手因素为0．853，患者洗手方式为0．898。将量表的34个条目进行探索性因子分析，其KMO值为0．807，Bartlett’s球形检验近似X。值为1282．117，P〈0．01，差异有统计学意义。按特征根≥1提取6个公因子，6个公因子累积贡献率达69．41％。实验验证分析表明各个项目得分差异无统计学意义，实验的重测信度r均大于0．8，信度比较好。结论该量表具有较好的信度和效度，达到了量表编制要求，可以从一定程度上测评MHD患者手卫生状况的分析。Objective To develop suitable-hand hygiene questionnaire for maintenance hemodialysis （MHD） patients and test its reliability and validity, so as to prepare for the next stage of investigations and interventions. Methods Documentary, focus group discussion and expert-consulting methods were used to help formulate the questionnaire. 300 MHD patients were collected by systematic sampling to test its reliability and validity. 50 MHD patients were chosen randomly for validating analysis after a month. Results The last questionnaire included 5 dimensions ： consciousness of washing hands, indication of washing hands, knowledge about hand hygiene and correct methods of washing hands, factors of patients＇ unwillingness to wash hands and methods of washing hands, with 34 items. The Cronbach＇ s αcoefficient of the questionnaire was 0. 972, and the coefficient of 5 dimensions was respectively 0. 813,0. 909,0. 846,0. 853 and 0. 898. All 34 articles of the questionnaire were determined by exploratory factor analysis, and the value of the KMO was 0. 807, the approximate X2 value of Bartlett＇ s spherical inspection was 1282.117, with statistical significance （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The accumulative contribute rate of 6 common factors whose eigenvalue exceeded 1 was 69.41%. Validating analysis showed that no difference was found between scores of all items, and the test-retest reliability of r was greater than 0.8 with good reliability. Conclusions The reliability and validity of hand hygiene questionnaire for maintenance hemodialysis patients are good enough to reach the standard of formulation, which can be used an effective tool to measure the hand hygiene of MHD patients to some extent.

关 键 词：血液透析 手卫生 量表 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]