铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性分析  

Analysis on Clinical Distribution and Drug resistance of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

作　　者：黄瑞宏[1] 杜新[1] 李明[1] 卓家才[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市第二人民医院血液科,广东深圳518035

出　　处：《深圳中西医结合杂志》2013年第4期225-227,231,共4页Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解深圳市第二人民医院近1年来铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)的临床分布情况和耐药特性,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法:用回顾性分析方法,对我院2012年3月至2013年3月检出的176株铜绿假单胞菌,用生物梅里埃全自动微生物鉴定仪进行鉴定,并做抗菌药物耐药性分析,用SPSS17.0统计软件进行分析。结果:176株铜绿假单胞菌在临床的分布以痰液为主,占56.3%,感染主要发生在重症监护病房、骨外科、神经外科和呼吸内科。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、美洛培南、阿米卡星有较低的耐药率,耐药率依次17.0%、20.4%、22.2%、22.7%、28.4%;对氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛钠、头孢西丁、头孢呋辛酯、复方新诺明有较高的耐药率,耐药率依次为100%、97.7%、97.6%、93.8%、92.0%、96.5%。对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、左旋氧氟沙星的耐药率为31.2%至68.8%。结论:我院临床检出铜绿假单胞菌主要来源于重症监护病房和外科患者的痰液标本中,耐药现象比较严重,应加强耐药性检测,以指导临床合理用药控制医院感染。Objective To provide criteria for clinical use of antibiotic drugs by observing the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa （PAE） in hospital. Methods 176 swains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were observed in hospital from March 2012 to March 2013, and drug susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginos a were identified by use of BioMerieux automat ic microorganism identification instrument. The data was analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software. Results 56.3 % of the 176 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical were mainly distributing in sputum specimen, and mainly occurring in surgery, department of internal medicine and ICU. The rates of drug resistance for imipenem, Cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem,Amikacin were 17.0 %, 20.4 %, 22.2 %, 22.7 % and 28.4 % respectively. The ampicillin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cefuroxime axetil cotrimoxazole had high rates of drug resistance with 100 %, 97.7%, 97.6 %, 93.8 %, 92.0 % and 96.5 % respectively. The ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, levofloxacin were from 31.2 % to 68.8 %. Conclusion The Pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly came from the sputum specimens of surgical and ICU patients and the rates of drug resistance were a serious problem. We should strengthen the screening of drug resistance in order to guide proper use of drugs in clinical to control hospital infection.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 临床分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学]