高效降解棉秸秆木质素糙皮侧耳菌株的筛选  

Study on Screening Pleurotus ostreatus Strains of Efficiently Decomposing Lignin of Cotton Straw

作　　者：李国庆[1,2] 王金宁[1] 韩芹芹[1] 聂凡[2] 陈静娴[2] 蔡永萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院园艺所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2013年第5期16-20,共5页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：安徽省教育厅重点项目"天然棕色棉SRAP分子标记辅助育种及色素合成基因的克隆"(KJ2008A044);安徽省科技计划项目"农业废弃物栽培食用菌关键技术研究与应用"(1101c0603062)

摘　　要：为了拓宽秸秆的生物降解应用研究,深入探讨白腐菌的木质素降解途径与机制,本研究采用平板变色法对12个糙皮侧耳菌株进行初步筛选,再通过棉秸秆木质素降解实验对初选菌株进行复筛。结果表明,初步筛选试验中选出了漆酶和过氧化物酶分泌能力都较强的8个菌株,即皖平1号、P17、早、黑平A、苏平1号、苏平3号、新平400和天达300。木质素降解试验复筛出高效降解木质素的糙皮侧耳菌株为苏平1号、皖平1号、苏平3号、黑平A,其中以苏平1号对棉秸秆木质素的降解能力最强,其木质素降解率为14.82%。8株菌株在棉秸秆与棉籽壳栽培中的生物转化率差异不显著,筛选出的高效降解秸秆木质素的菌株较其他菌株在棉秸秆栽培中产量、生物转化率均较高,其中苏平1号的产量、生物转化率最高,黑平A次之。从12个糙皮侧耳菌株中筛选出了高效降解棉秸秆木质素的菌株4株,即苏平1号、皖平1号、苏平3号、黑平A,其在秸秆栽培应用中产量、生物转化率也较高,尤以苏平1号、黑平A为较优,有重要的应用价值。To study out the white rot fungi lignin degradation pathways and mechanisms and broad the application research of straw biological degradation, chromogenic tests were used for preliminary screenings of 12 Pleurotus ostreatus strains and lignin degradation experiments as further screening methods. The results showed that in initial screening tests the 8 strains which had strong capabilities of laccase and peroxidase secretion were as followed： strains of Wanping Nol, P17, Zao, Heiping A, Suping Nol, Snping No3, Xinping 400 and Tianda 300. Lignin degradation test screened out 4 strains which efficiently decomposed lig- nin of cotton straw, such as strains of Suping Nol, Wanping Nol, Suping No3, Heiping A. And Suping Nol had the strongest lignin degradation ability of cotton straw, the degradation rate was 14.82%. In the mushroom cultivation experiment of those 8 strains, there were no significant differences in biological efficiency of fruiting body between cotton straw cultivation and cotton- seed cultivation. But the strains which were screened out were with more fruit body yield and higher conversion rate than other strains. Suping Nol still had the most fruit body yield and highest conversion rate before Helping A. In 12 Pleurotus ostreatus strains, 4 strains were screened out as efficiently decomposing lignin of cotton straw strains, such as strains of Suping Nol, Wan- ping No1, Suping No3, Heiping A. In straw cultivation application, the fruiting body yields and conversion rates of the 4 strains were higher than others, especially for Suping Nol and Heiping A. This results had great application value.

关 键 词：糙皮侧耳 棉秸秆 木质素 降解 生物转化率 

分 类 号：S646.141[农业科学—蔬菜学]