用交叉锚索加固表层岩体洞室的抗爆能力研究  

Research on the anti-explosion capacity of tunnels with the surface rock mass reinforced by cross anchor cables

作　　者：顾金才[1] 徐干成 张向阳[1] 孔福利[1] 

机构地区：[1]总参工程兵科研三所,洛阳471023 [2]空军工程设计研究局,北京100068

出　　处：《防护工程》2013年第4期5-10,共6页Protective Engineering

摘　　要：采用交叉锚索加固洞室表层岩体的目的是提高已建洞室的抗爆能力。试验采用3种不同类型的岩体模拟材料，对同一洞室在同样的爆炸条件下进行抗爆试验。由试验给出了各类洞室围岩塌落程度和介质内围岩破裂状态，以此来对比交叉锚索对各类围岩洞室产生的不同加固效果。试验表明，交叉锚索对不同类型的围岩洞室产生的加固效果各不相同：对于密度较大的均匀介质和块状岩体，加固效果最为明显，表现为洞壁脱落的材料或介质内开裂的范围大量减少；对于密度较小、黏结力相对较高的岩体，拱部围岩基本上不发生脱落，但在拱脚附近沿轴线有大块材料脱落，未加固的模型脱落的材料较多，加固的模型脱落的材料较少。此外，未加固的模型洞室拱部围岩发生开裂，加固的模型未见开裂。试验结果表明，采用交叉锚索加固洞室表层岩体，可有效提高各类岩体中洞室的抗爆能力，值得深入研究。The aim of reinforcing the surface rock mass with cross anchor cables is to increase the antiexplosion ca pacity of tunnels. The tests were carried out in the same tunnel and explosion conditions. Three types of rock mass model materials were used. The collapse degree and rupture state of surrounding rock were obtained. The reinforce ment effects of cross anchor cables in different types of surrounding rock were contrasted and analyzed. The tests show that the reinforcement effects of cross anchor cables in the different types of surrounding rock are different. The reinforcement effects in the homogeneous and blocky rock mass with higher density are most obvious. The amount of collapsed materials and ruptured medium area reduce significantly. In the rock mass with lower density and higher binding power, the surrounding rock in the arch did not collapse basically. But near the arch springing, massive materials collapsed along the tunnel axis. The collapsed material amount in the unreinforced models is more than that in the reinforced models. In addition, the surrounding rock in the arch cracked in the unreinforced mod els, while it did not in the reinforced models. In conclusion, the test results show that using the cross anchor cables to reinforce the surface rock can improve the antiexplosion capacity of the tunnel in all kinds of rock mass efficient ly. This method is very promising in the reinforcement of the completed protective engineering. It is worthy of fur ther research.

关 键 词：洞室岩体 锚索加固 模型试验 抗爆性能 

分 类 号：TU457[建筑科学—岩土工程]