夏季南海西部砂壳纤毛虫水平分布  

Horizontal distribution of tintinnids in the western South China Sea during summer 2007

作　　者：丰美萍[1,2] 张武昌[1] 于莹[1,2] 肖天[1] 孙军[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]天津科技大学,海洋科学与工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2013年第3期86-92,共7页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973")项目(2009CB421202);海洋公益项目(201005015-1);国家自然科学基金(41121064;40521003;40876085)

摘　　要：于2007年8—9月在南海西部海域,使用浮游生物Ⅲ型网垂直拖网采集海洋表层(200m以浅)浮游砂壳纤毛虫,共发现7属12种,其中优雅真铃虫(Eutintinnus elegans)和勃兰氏拟平顶虫(Xystonellopsis brandti)为南海新纪录种。砂壳纤毛虫总丰度为0—11622个·m 2,平均(2218±2254)个·m 2。各站种丰富度范围为0—6种。优势种有5种:尖形钟形虫(Cyttarocylis acutiformis)、宽口钟形虫(Cyttarocylis eucecryphalus)、费瓦拟平顶虫(Xystonellopsis favata)、南方类铃虫(Codonellopsis meridionalis)、圆锥条纹虫(Rhabdonella conica)。圆锥条纹虫聚集强度最高,属于适盐、适温范围较窄的浮游动物;尖形钟形虫与宽口钟形虫的聚集性最弱,分布较为均匀。南海西部砂壳纤毛虫群落受南海流系、水团和季风的影响,整体稳定性均较低。大洋铃鼻虫(Codonaria oceanica)、费瓦拟平顶虫、圆锥条纹虫与温度、盐度、深度等呈现相关性,而总丰度、种丰富度与环境因子没有明显相关性。圆锥条纹虫与环境因子的相关性系数高。与南海北部相比,南海西部砂壳纤毛虫类群与南海北部为同一区系,但是种类组成中远洋种占主要部分,丰度大大低于南海北部。圆锥条纹虫的优势度(Y=9.4%)、平均丰度[(1811±1636)个·m 2]和最大丰度值(4809个·m 2)最高,且聚集强度高,与温盐因子的相关性较好。A total of 12 species of tintinnids in seven genera were found in the western South China Sea during summer 2007; in addition, two species （Eutintinnus elegansand Xystonellopsis brandti） were recorded for the first time in the South China Sea. The range of tintinnids abundance was from 0 to 11622 ind·m^-2 with an average of （2218±2254） ind·m^-2, and the species richness was from 0 to 6. The five dominant species were Cyttarocylis acutiformis, Cyttarocylis eucecryphalus, Xystonellopsis favata, Codonellopsis meridionalis,and Rhabdonella conica. The dominance degree of R. conicawas the highest, so was its aggregation intensity, which means that it was more closely related to environmental changes. Cyttarocylis acutiformisand C. eucecryphaluswere given the lowest aggregation intensity and more evenly distributed spatially. Both species diversity and species evenness in the western South China Sea were low due to the effects of monsoon, ocean currents and different water masses, which indicates that tintinnids community were in an unstable state. Correlation analysis by SPSS （Statistical Product and Service Solutions） software revealed no significant correlation among tintinnids abundance, species abundance and environment factors. Codonaria oceanica, X. favataand R. conicashowed significant relationships with environment factors. The community structure was characterized by more pelagic species and more unstable in the western South China Sea than in the northern South China Sea. R. conicawas considered as biological indicator species of water masses for its high average abundance [（1811±1636） ind·m^-2] and maximum abundance （4809 ind·m^-2）, and fine correlation with environmental factors.

关 键 词：砂壳纤毛虫 丰度 水平分布 南海西部 

分 类 号：P735.532[天文地球—海洋生物学] Q179.1[天文地球—海洋科学]