风廓线雷达反演大气比湿廓线的初步试验  

Preliminary Estimation of Specific Humidity Profiles with Wind Profile Radar

作　　者：孙康远[1,2] 阮征[2] 魏鸣[1] 葛润生[2] 董保举[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]云南省大理国家气候观象台,大理671003

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2013年第4期407-415,共9页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41075023);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200906039);中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务项目"大气水凝物微物理参数及风场垂直结构多波长遥感探测和反演方法研究";"青藏高原观测预试验与资料分析研究"

摘　　要：基于湍流散射理论,运用边界层风廓线雷达(WPR)联合RASS(Radio Acoustic Sounding System),GPS/PWV(Global Position System/Precipitable Water Vapor)进行全遥感系统的大气比湿廓线反演试验,并对影响因子进行分析。利用2011年8—9月云南大理综合探测试验数据的反演结果与探空数据进行比较分析,结果表明:WPR联合探空的温度廓线和起始边界比湿(q_0)反演大气比湿廓线,与探空大气比湿廓线相比具有相同的变化趋势,标准差为0.84 g·kg^(-1),误差随高度增加呈递增趋势;WPR联合RASS,GPS/PWV数据反演大气比湿廓线,与探空大气比湿廓线的标准差为0.85 g·kg^(-1)。参加反演的数据中,折射指数结构常数C_n^2与谱宽σ_(turb)~2对反演影响最大,反演算法中大气折射指数梯度M符号的判断对反演精度也有较大影响。As a new type of detection instrument, wind profile radar （WPR） can detect meteorological factors such as wind profiles, spectral width, and refractive index structure constant and so on. The special detec- ting ability of WPR decides its broad application in atmospheric science research, meteorological operation application, climate research, aviation security and many other areas. With the advances of detection, a new specific humidity profiles retrieving method with WPR is proposed. Based on the turbulent baekscattering theory, the method of estimating specific humidity profiles u- sing boundary layer wind profile radar characteristics of clear-air echoes is devised. A retrieving test of specific humidity profiles are carried out with the data of observational campaign conducted from 15 Aug to 10 Sap in 2011 at a meteorological station of Dali, Yunnan Province, analyzing the main factors of retrie- ving accuracy. In the low atmosphere the refractive index gradient （M） is mainly influenced by three fac- tors： dq/dz by 80. 39~//00, the atmospheric temperature （T） by 12. 75~, and the specific humidity q by 6.86% on average, respectively. Obviously, the dq/dz item is the most important factor, namely, there is a close relationship between the refractive It is the measurement of refractive index help of WPR. The volume reflectivity （7） of humidity due to the good correlation with M. index gradient and specific humidity. gradient that turns out to retrieve specific humidity profiles with the turbulence echoes can indicate the fluctuation of atmosphere specific Another factor that matters is the atmospheric turbulence dissipation rate which is under the influence of the signal spectral width observed by WPR. Radio Acoustic Sounding System （RASS） provides virtual temperature in retrieving of specific humidity profiles with the measurement of acoustic speed; PWV from GPS provides a method to obtain the initial boundary specific humidity; estimation of specific humidity profiles comparing with ra

关 键 词：风廓线雷达 大气比湿廓线 大气折射指数梯度 折射指数结构常数 

分 类 号：P415.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]