日粮中氨化稻草水平对体外培养发酵甲烷和挥发性脂肪酸产量的影响  

Effects of Levels of Ammoniated Rice Straw Included in Rations on Rumen Methane and Volatile Fatty Acids Production in in Vitro Incubation

作　　者：王满红[1] 赵广永[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第8期1775-1784,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系北京市奶牛创新团队项目;国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD26B03-4)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究日粮中不同氨化稻草水平对瘤胃甲烷(CH4)和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)产量的影响。以2头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年西门塔尔牛作为瘤胃液供体,以未处理稻草、4%尿素氨化稻草和6%尿素氨化稻草为粗料,分别与精料混合料以6种比例配合日粮,其中精料与粗料的混合比例分别为0∶100、20∶80、40∶60、60∶40、80∶20、100∶0。应用Menke等(1979)的体外培养发酵技术进行培养发酵并测定日粮48 h的总产气量、CH4和VFA产量。结果表明:日粮精料/粗料为0∶100时,4%尿素氨化稻草组和6%尿素氨化稻草组总VFA(TVFA)产量显著高于未氨化稻草组(P<0.05);随着日粮精料比例增加,乙酸、丙酸和TVFA产量显著增加(P<0.05),乙酸/TVFA和乙酸/丙酸显著下降(P<0.05);当日粮精料/粗料为40∶60时,4%尿素氨化稻草组和6%尿素氨化稻草组48 h CH4产量显著高于未氨化稻草组(P<0.05),并且4%尿素氨化稻草组48 h总产气量显著高于未氨化稻草组(P<0.05),在一定程度上高于6%尿素氨化稻草组(P>0.05);随着日粮精料比例增加,CH4产量和总产气量显著增加(P<0.05);48 h总产气量和CH4产量的组合效应值最高的组为日粮精料/粗料40∶60的4%尿素氨化稻草组;各组48 h总产气量均产生正组合效应,4%尿素氨化稻草组中CH4/TVFA均产生负组合效应。由此可知,CH4产量与日粮精料/粗料和日粮中粗料的品质有关。当日粮精料/粗料为40∶60时,4%尿素氨化稻草组48 h总产气量和CH4产量最高,但CH4/TVFA最低。The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of different proportions of untreated and ammoniated rice straw in mixed rations on methane and volatile fatty acids （VFA） production. Two Simmental cattle fitted with rumen cannulas were used as the donors of rumen fluid. Three levels of urea, i.e. 0% （ un- treated）, 4 % and 6 % were used for ammoniation treatment of rice straw, respectively. The untreated and am- moniated rice straws were mixed with concentrate mixture at the ratios of 0：100, 20：80, 40：60, 60：40, 80：20 and 100：0, respectively, as experimental treatments. The gas production technique of Menke et al. （1979） was used for in vitro fermentation and the measurement of 48 h VFA, methane and total gas production. The results showed that 48 h total VFA （TVFA） production of the groups with 4 % urea ammoniated rice straw and 6% urea ammoniated rice straw was significantly higher than that of the group with non-ammoniated rice straw when concentrate/roughage ratio was 0 ： 100 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The production of acetate, propionate and TVFA was significantly increased with the increase of concentrate/roughage ratio in the ration （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and ace- tate/propionate and acetate/TVFA were gradually reduced （ P 〈 0.05）. The 48 h methane production of the groups with 4% urea ammoniated rice straw and 6% urea ammoniated rice straw was significantly higher than that of the group with non-ammoniated rice straw when concentrate/roughage ratio was 40：60 （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but 48 h total gas production of the group with 4 % urea ammoniated rice straw was significantly higher than that of the group with non-ammoniated rice straw （P 〈 0.05 ）, and was higher than that of the group with 6% urea ammoniated rice straw to some extent （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The 48 h methane and total gas production was significant- ly increased with the increase of concentrate/roughage ratio in the ration （P 〈 0.05 ）. The best associative effect of 48 h total gas and methane pr

关 键 词：稻草 氨化 瘤胃 甲烷 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]