抑郁症患者的成人依恋类型研究  

Adult Attachment Style of the Depressive Disorder Patients

作　　者：史战明[1] 杨琴[1] 薛莹[1] 王倩[1] 杨蕴萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院/临床心理学系,精神疾病诊断与治疗北京市重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2013年第4期616-619,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

摘　　要：目的:探讨抑郁症患者的依恋类型及其与抑郁情绪之间的关系。方法:对抑郁症门诊医生诊断推荐的抑郁症病人进行国际神经精神科简式访谈问卷(MINI)诊断评估之后,采用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)和亲密关系体验问卷修订版(ECR-R)进行调查。结果:①抑郁症患者依恋类型分布为安全型37例(44%),迷恋型26例(31%),淡漠型15例(17.9%),恐惧型6例(7.1%),ECR-R依恋焦虑维度得分显著高于正常对照组和焦虑障碍组;依恋回避维度得分显著高于正常对照组,与焦虑障碍组无差异。②不安全依恋类型者罹患抑郁症的风险是安全型的3.909倍,其中恐惧型风险最大,是安全型的6.486倍,迷恋型者是5.622倍,淡漠型是2.317倍。③不同依恋类型的抑郁症患者BDI分值差异显著,不安全依恋类型的BDI分值显著高于安全型依恋的BDI分值。结论:抑郁症患者中不安全依恋类型占多数,不安全依恋类型是罹患抑郁症的重要危险因素,其中恐惧型的风险最大。Objective： To explore the relationships between adult attachment and depression in depressive disorder pa- tients. Methods： 84 depressive disorder patients meeting DSM-IV criteria of depressive disorders were assessed by Mini- International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised Questionnaire and the Beck De- pression Inventory. Results： （~）The attachment style distribution of the patients with depressive disorder was as follows： Se- curely （44%）, Preoccupied 31%, Dismissing 17.9%, and Fearful 7.1%. Compared with the control group, the depressive disorder group had higher scores in ECR-R anxiety and avoidance. Compared with the anxiety disorder group, the depres- sive disorder group had higher scores in ECR-R anxiety, but no difference in avoidance. Insecure style patients had 3.909 more times of the risk of having depressive disorders than the secure ones, fearful style had the highest risk（6.486 more times than the secure ones）, preoccupied style had 5.622 more times and dismissing style had 2.317 more times. （~） There were significant difference of BDI in adult attachment between case groups. The score of BDI was higher in the par- ticipants with insecure style than those with the secure style group. Conclusion： Insecure adult attachment styls are the majority among depressive disorder patients and it is the important risk factor of the depressive disorder, especially the fearful style has the most risk.

关 键 词：依恋 抑郁症 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]