不同时长和内容的正念训练对抑郁的干预效果  

A Comparison of Intervention Effects of Three Mindfulness Training Modes on Depressed Students

作　　者：吴琼[1] 石林[1] 夏志鹏[1] 卢理达[1] 杜欣聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]应用实验心理北京市重点实验室[北京师范大学心理学院],北京100875

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2013年第4期685-689,684,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：北京市教育委员会共建项目(SYS100270661)

摘　　要：目的:比较不同时长和内容的正念训练方式的干预效果,以寻找一种更简洁、规范、有效的正念训练方式。方法:95名处于抑郁状态的在校大学生作为被试被分入三组,对应不同的正念训练方式:八周完整训练、八周非正式训练和四周训练。训练前后,被试接受贝克抑郁量表(BDI-Ⅱ)和五因素正念量表(FFMQ)的评估。结果:三种方式均能显著降低被试的抑郁水平,八周训练能显著提升五因素正念量表中的所有五个维度,四周训练可显著提升描述、有觉知地行动和不判断三个维度。结论:八周训练方式的效果优于四周,其中八周非正式训练方式的操作简单、效果理想,可成为今后广泛应用的正念训练方式。Objective： This study aimed to find a type of mindfulness training which was simpler, more normative and more effective on the basis of duration and contents. Methods： 95 university students with moderate or severe depression participated in the study and they were divided into three mindfulness training groups： 8-week complete training group, 8- week informal training group, and 4-week training group. All subjects completed Beck Depression Inventory（BDI-II ） and Five Fact Mindfulness Questionnaire （FFMQ） before the intervention. After the intervention, 55 subjects completed assess- ments once more. Results： Results showed the scores of specific dimensions representing mindfulness levels were differ- ent. For the 4-week group, scores of description, action aware and non-judge significantly improved, hut the scores of non-response and observation did not change significantly. While the other two groups＇ scores improved significantly on all the five dimensions. All the three groups had a significant decrease in depression scores： Conclusion： In conclusion, all the three intervention modes have obvious effects. The effect of 8-week mindfulness training is better than 4-week＇s, and 8-week informal training is of the best effects, which may be considered as a better mindfulness training mode hence- forth.

关 键 词：正念 正念认知疗法 抑郁 干预 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]