柠檬酸溶解废锂离子电池正极材料的研究  

Study on the dissolution conditions of waste lithium-ion battery anode material in the citric acid

作　　者：席国喜[1] 高修艳[1] 姚路[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学化学化工学院河南省环境污染控制重点实验室,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2013年第8期1114-1119,共6页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51174083)资助;教育部博导基金项目(20114104110004)资助

摘　　要：探求废锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4在柠檬酸溶液中的溶解条件,为废旧电池的进一步回收利用奠定基础。采用单因素与正交实验相结合的方法,对废锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4在柠檬酸溶液中的溶解条件进行研究,结果表明,废锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4在柠檬酸溶液中适宜的溶解条件为:柠檬酸浓度1.0mol.L-1、溶解温度45℃、H2O2加入量5.0%、料液比60g.L-1,在此条件下正极材料LiMn2O4在柠檬酸溶液中的溶解率达到99.56%。对柠檬酸溶解废锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4的机理进行了探讨,认为在加入H2O2之前,尖晶石LiMn2O4中的Mn3+发生歧化反应生成Mn2+以及MnO2,而Mn4+在溶液中水解生成MnO2。MnO2与柠檬酸发生氧化还原反应生成丙酮二羧酸及Mn2+。加入H2O2之后,H2O2作为还原剂能够将剩余的MnO2全部还原为Mn2+,使正极材料LiMn2O4在柠檬酸溶液中的溶解率得以提高。The foundation for the further recycling of the waste battery was laid through the research on the solution conditions of waste lithium-ion battery anode material.The optimum dissolution conditions of lithium-ion battery anode material LiMn2O4 in citric acid were determined by a single factor and orthogonal test.The optimum dissolution conditions were the concentration of citric acid,1.0 mol·L-1;the dissolution temperature,45℃;the added content of H2O2,5.0%;the solid-liquid ratio,60 g·L-1.And the dissolution ratio was 99.56%under the optimum solution conditions.The dissolution mechanism of waste lithium-ion battery anode material LiMn2O4 in citric acid was discussed.First,Mn3＋ of spinel LiMn2O4 was disproportionated to Mn2＋ and MnO2,Mn4＋ of spinel LiMn2O4 was hydrolyzed to MnO2.And,MnO2 underwent a redox reaction in citric acid leading to the formation of acetone dicarboxylic acid and Mn2＋.Then,MnO2 was reduced to Mn2＋ by reductive agent H2O2.And the dissolution ratio can be increased.

关 键 词：废锂离子电池正极材料LiMn2O4 溶解率 柠檬酸 正交试验 溶解机理 

分 类 号：TQ400[化学工程]