近20a陕北地区耕地变化及其对农田生产力的影响  

Cropland Dynamics and Its Influence on the Productivity in Recent 20 Years in Northern Shaanxi,China

作　　者：刘文超[1,2] 颜长珍[1] 秦元伟[2,3] 闫慧敏[3] 刘纪远[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2013年第8期1373-1382,共10页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目课题(KZZD-EW-04-04);中科院知识创新重大项目课题(KSCX1-YW-09-01)

摘　　要：陕北地区耕地开垦和生态保护与建设工程等对耕地资源的空间分布格局产生了重要影响,并进一步影响农田生产力。论文基于中高分辨率卫星遥感数据,经人机交互目视解译和实地验证,生成陕北地区1990、2000和2010年耕地现状以及前后两个10 a耕地动态数据集。利用光能利用率遥感模型,结合中分辨率、长时间序列卫星遥感数据估算陕北地区农田净初级生产力,分析耕地变化对农田生产力的影响。结果表明,陕北地区耕地面积及其生产力在研究期前10 a小幅增长,后10 a明显减少。耕地减少的最主要原因是生态退耕,城市化也是耕地减少的原因之一。总体而言,20 a来,陕北地区耕地资源总面积净减少42.56%;受耕地面积变化的影响,同期农田净初级生产力下降了41.90%。研究对于评估陕北地区耕地安全和粮食安全,指导区域土地利用科学规划,具有重要意义。Cropland reclamation and ecological protection and construction programs in Northern Shaanxi, China, have significant impact on the spatial distribution patterns of cropland and its productivity. In this paper, cropland dynamics from medium and high resolution remote sensing images （Landsat TM/ETM ＋ ） of recent 20 years （from the end of the 1980s to 2010） were gen- erated by image interpretation. Furthermore, by using GLO-PEM model and AGRO-VPM model, with medium resolution and long time series of remote sensing dataset （AVHRR/MODIS） , Net Primary Productivity （NPP） and its change on cropland were accounted. Finally, the response of cropland change to productivity was analyzed. The result shows that during the former decade of the research period, cropland area and its productivity in Northern Shaanxi experienced a small fillip, while in the latter decade both area and NPP were significantly reduced. The main cause for cropland decrease was the implementation of the Grain for Green Program. Besides, urbaniza- tion was also a key factor. Overall, in the past 20 years, the total area of cropland in Northern Shaanxi decreased by 42.56% , and cropland NPP dropped by 41.90% over the same period. This study is of great importance to the assessment of regional cropland security and food security, and also the planning of regional land use scientifically.

关 键 词：农田 遥感 耕地变化 净初级生产力 陕北 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301[经济管理—产业经济]