栽培菊花与菊属-近缘属属间杂种杂交后代耐盐性的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of salt tolerance of F_1 progenies between chrysanthemum and the intergeneric hybrid of chrysanthemum and crossostephium

作　　者：许莉莉[1] 陈发棣[1] 陈素梅[1] 房伟民[1] 朱文莹[1] 王海滨[1] 李佩玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第16期4902-4908,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2011325;BE2010303);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0492);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2009)第3-3号];国家自然科学基金项目(31171987)

摘　　要：为了解菊花近缘种属植物耐盐性的遗传规律,对栽培菊花与菊属-近缘属属间杂种杂交后代耐盐性进行了遗传分析。以栽培菊花‘韩2’为母本,大岛野路菊×芙蓉菊属间杂种为父本进行杂交,以盐害指数作为指标,通过水培法对获得的F1群体进行耐盐性鉴定,并应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,采用单个F2世代的分离分析方法对F1群体耐盐性进行混合遗传分析。结果发现:F1群体的耐盐性出现广泛分离,变异系数达53.63%,盐害指数的变异范围为3.33%—96.67%;中亲优势为2.47,未达到显著水平;将后代的耐盐性分为5个级别,其中高耐的占14.52%,耐盐的占38.70%,中耐的占30.65%,敏盐的占9.68%,高敏的占6.45%。F1群体的耐盐性符合B-2模型,由两个主效基因控制,加性效应均表现正向增效,分别为18.06和19.13,显性效应表现负向效应,分别为-17.99和-1.44,主基因遗传率为61.14%,属高度遗传力。综合分析表明:菊花近缘种属植物耐盐性可通过杂交导入栽培菊花,实现栽培菊花耐盐性遗传改良;菊花近缘种属植物盐害指数受两对主基因的控制,主基因在F1群体的遗传率属高度遗传力,耐盐性选育可在早期世代进行。Chrysanthemum（Chrysanthemum grandiflorum,sym.Chrysanthemum morifolium） is a leading ornamental species in garden and cut flower.The aims of this study were to find the genetic mechanism of salt tolerance of relative genera species of chrysanthemum,which will provide an experimental basis for choosing and breeding salt tolerant germplasm.In allied genera of chrysanthemum,many wild species possess elite attributes such as resistance to disease,insect,virus and abiotic stresses,Crossostephium chinense is one of them.But it is usually difficult to obtain hybrids between Crossostephium chinense and chrysanthemum cultivars.Bridge parent is an effective way to overcome the barriers of wild hybridization and transfer useful genetic variation to elite germplasm.The F1 progeny of Chrysanthemum crassum（Kitam.Kitam.×Crossostephium chinense（L.） Makino,as bridge parent,was crossed with Chrysanthemum morifolium ＇Han 2＇,then the progenies were obtained successfully.The salt tolerance of plants is a complex physiological process,but morphological changes is the most direct reflection of the stress,so salt harm index is often used as an important indicator of tolerance identification.Based on the salt harm index,salt tolerance inheritance of F1 population was investigated by single generation segregation analysis method of the mixed major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model of quantitative traits under the treatment by the concentration of NaCl 120 mmol/L.The results showed that the transgressive segregation of salt tolerance commonly existed in F1 progenies;the salt harm index ranged from 3.33% to 96.67%,the phenotypic coefficient of variability was 53.63%,mid-parent heterosis was 2.47,did not reach a significant level.According to the data,F1 population could be divided into high salt tolerant,salt tolerant,middle tolerant,sensitivity,and high sensitivity grade,respectively,in which 14.52% are high salt tolerant,38.70% are salt tolerant,30.65% are middle tolerant,9.68% are sensitive,6.45% are high sensitive

关 键 词：菊花 近缘种属植物 盐害指数 耐盐性 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]