餐厨、果蔬与鸡粪多元混合物料厌氧消化实验研究  

Investigation on Co-digestion of Food Waste,Fruit & Vegetable Wastes,and Chicken Manure

作　　者：孟颖[1] 唐明跃[1] 孙芳青[1] 刘金淼[1] 李琳[1] 江志坚[1] 王妍妍[1] 李秀金[1] 袁海荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学环境科学与工程系,北京100029

出　　处：《中国沼气》2013年第4期12-16,48,共6页China Biogas

基　　金：环保部公益性行业科研专项(201109035);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201210010136);国家科技部中美国际合作项目(2011DFA90800);国家科技部十一五支撑(2010BAC67B03)

摘　　要：文章研究了多元混合物料在不同混合比例条件下厌氧消化性能。以餐厨与鸡粪混合、果蔬与鸡粪混合、餐厨果蔬(TS计,8∶5)与鸡粪混合为原料,三种混合处理的混合比例均分别为4∶1,3∶1,2∶1,1∶1,1∶2,1∶3,1∶4,同时设单一餐厨、果蔬、鸡粪消化试验,进料负荷为2%(TS)。结果表明:在三种不同混合原料中,相同比例条件下产气具有一致性,鸡粪含量较少的4∶1和3∶1条件下出现严重酸化现象,产气周期45天。比例为2∶1和1∶1条件下,出现酸化后恢复期短,自身调节能力较好。鸡粪含量较多的1∶2,1∶3和1∶4条件下并未出现酸化现象,产气周期20天。不同混合原料出现了协同或抑制作用,以餐厨与鸡粪、餐厨果蔬与鸡粪为原料的两个系统中,协同作用较明显,与理论产CH4量相比分别提高1.2%～45.5%和8.1%～27.0%,但以果蔬与鸡粪为原料的系统中协同作用不明显,甚至出现了一定程度的抑制。多元物料混合厌氧发酵实验中,餐厨垃圾与鸡粪在1∶2条件下混合时系统缓冲性能好,单位TS产气量573 mL.g-1,T90为16天,协同产气量提高45.5%,是最佳的混合比例。Anaerobic digestion performance of food waste （ FW）, fruit ＆ vegetable waste （FTW） and chicken manure （CM） were investigated with different mixing ratios, FW ＋ CM, FVW ＋ CM, and FW： FVW（8：5 ,TS） ＋ CM, each with mixing ratio of 4： 1,3： 1,2： 1, 1： 1,1： 2, 1： 3, 1： 4, respectively, and all with organic loading rate（OLR） of 2%. The re- suit showed that the daily biogas production of all tested mixture had a similar trend with the same mixing ratio. FW ＋ CM appeared serious acidification with mixing ratios of4：1 and 3： 1. The biogas producing duration was 45 days. Acidification appeared too, with the mixing ratio of2：1 and 1： 1, but the system could recover by itself in a short time. Mixing ratio of 1： 2,1 ： 3 and 1 ： 4 with more chicken manure did not appear the acidification, for which the gas producing duration were 20 days. There were a synergistic effect for mixture of FW ＋ CM, and FW： FVW （8： 5, TS） ＋ CM, which increased the gas production by1.2% -4.5% and 8.1% - 27%, respectively. The FW ＋ CM mixing ratio of 1 ： 2 was the best mixing, which the total biogas production was 573 mL·g^-1TS. 1＂90 was 16 days and synergistic effect was 45.5%.

关 键 词：餐厨 果蔬 鸡粪 混合厌氧消化 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]