肥大细胞释放组胺机制的研究进展  

Mechanisms underlying histamine release from mast cells

作　　者：闫丽萍[1] 李杰 康尔恂[1] 孙丽伟[1] 韩春玉[1] 金外淑[1] 夏秀娟[1] 高冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院附属烟台毓璜顶医院皮肤科,山东烟台264000 [2]检验科

出　　处：《国际皮肤性病学杂志》2013年第5期309-311,共3页International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology

基　　金：山东省科学技术发展计划（201IGSF11819）

摘　　要：肥大细胞释放组胺在变态反应和非变态反应发病机制中均起重要作用。研究表明，肥大细胞主要通过免疫学途径和非免疫学途径释放组胺，多种物质参与组胺释放过程。特异性IgE介导肥大细胞释放组胺是肥大细胞激活的典型方式。抗FcsRI抗体和抗IgE抗体在慢性特发性荨麻疹肥大细胞释放组胺机制中起作用。凝血机制中生成的凝血酶可激活蛋白酶激活受体，介导肥大细胞黏附于纤维连接蛋白，诱发肥大细胞释放组胺。遗传因素、神经精神因素及物理因素也参与荨麻疹患者肥大细胞释放组胺。Histamine is the most important inflammatory mediator in urticaria. Histamine release from mast cells plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders and non-allergic reactions. Researches have shown that mast cells release histamine via both immunological and non-immunological pathways. Many substances participate in the process of histamine release. The typical way to activate mast cells is through specific IgEs. Both anti-high affinity IgE receptor （FceRI） antibodies and anti-IgE antibodies are involved in histamine release by mast cells in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Thrombin generated during blood coagulation can activate proteinase-activated receptors, which mediate mast cell adhesion to fibronectin, and induce histamine release from mast cells. Genetic factors, neurological and psychiatric factors, as well as physical factors are also involved in histamine release by mast cells in urticaria.

关 键 词：荨麻疹 肥大细胞 组胺 

分 类 号：R392.1[医药卫生—免疫学]