2010年夏季白令海小型浮游植物分布  

Distribution pattern of microphytoplankton in the Bering Sea during the summer of 2010

作　　者：林更铭[1] 杨清良[1] 王雨[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第9期2643-2650,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业项目(201305027;201105022)资助

摘　　要：根据2010年7月10—19日我国第四次北极科学考察“雪龙”号考察船在白令海（52°42．29’-65°30．23’N，169°20．85’E-179°30．37’W）采集的70份水采样品，共鉴定小型浮游植物5个门类143种（含变种和变型）．其中硅藻门37属95种，甲藻门15属44种，绿藻门2属2种，裸藻门和金藻门各1属1种．聚类分析表明：调查海区浮游植物可分为深水区群落和浅水区群落．深水区群落分布于太平洋西北部和白令海海盆，种类组成主要以温带大洋性种西氏新细齿状藻、大西洋角毛藻和广布种菱形海线藻、扁面角毛藻为主，浮游植物的丰度较低，种间分配均匀，优势种不突出，种类多样性指数高；浅水区群落分布于白令海陆坡区和北部陆架区，主要由近岸冷水种诺登海链藻、又尖角毛藻和广温广盐种丹麦细柱藻、旋链角毛藻等组成，浮游植物的丰度高，种间分配不均匀，优势种突出，种类多样性指数低．浮游植物平均丰度为58722cells·L-1，变化范围在950～192400cells·L-1，站间差异显著．平面分布趋势总体呈白令海陆架区〉白令海陆坡区〉白令海海盆〉太平洋西北部海域．垂直分布均以表层浮游植物丰度较低，至温跃层附近出现高值．不同水域温跃层的差异决定了其垂直分布格局．Based on the analysis of 70 water samples collected by the Chinese icebreaker Xuelong in the areas of 52°42.29＇-65°30.23＇ N and 169°20.85＇ E-179°30.37＇ W in the Bering Sea dur- ing the Chinese Arctic Research Expedition on July 10-19, 2010, a total of 143 phytoplankton spe- cies were identified, including 95 diatom species belonging to 37 genera, 44 dinoflagellate species belonging to 15 genera, 2 Chlorophyta species belonging to 2 genera, 1 Euglenophyta belonging to 1 genus, and 1 Chrysophyta species belonging to 1 genus. The cluster analysis revealed that the phy- toplankton in the study areas could be divided as oceanic and shallow water groups. The oceanic group found in the western North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Basin was dominated by the boreal oceanic species such as Neodenticula seminae and Chaetoceros atlanticus and the cosmopolitan spe- cies such as Thalassionema nitzschioides and Chaetoceros compressus, with the characteristics of low abundance and high evenness of diversified species. The shallow water group found in the continen- tal shelf and slope of Bering Sea was mostly composed of the pan-arctic neritic species such as Thalassiosira nordenskioldi and Chaetoceros furcellatus and the cosmopolitan species such as Leptocy- lindrus danicus and Chaetoceros curvisetus, with the characteristics of low species diversity and even- ness index due to the high abundance in certain species. The phytoplankton abundance in the sur- face water layer distributed unevenly among the stations, ranging from 950 to 192400 cells · L-1 and with an average of 58722 cells · L-1. Horizontally, the abundance distribution trend was decreased in the order of the Bering Sea shelf, the Bering Sea slope, the Bering Sea basin, and the western North Pacific Ocean. Vertically, the abundance was lower in surface layer and maximized in the thermocline, suggesting that the phytoplankton abundance in vertical distribution varied with the re- gional thermocline.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 丰度分布 白令海 北极 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]