农业土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染研究进展  

Phthalic acid esters ( PAEs) pollution in farmland soils: A review

作　　者：王凯荣[1,2] 崔明明[1] 史衍玺[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农业生态与环境健康研究所,山东青岛266109 [2]青岛农业大学山东省旱作技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第9期2699-2708,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：山东省"黄蓝两区建设"专项资金项目(2011-黄-19);山东省"泰山学者"项目资助

摘　　要：由邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)引起的环境污染和食品安全问题已经引起全球性关注.我国既是邻苯二甲酸酯生产大国,又是消费大国,其环境污染问题不容忽视.本文综述了美国国家环保署所列出的6种优先控制PAEs污染物在我国农田土壤中的污染现状,分析了其来源,重点阐述了不同类型农作物对PAEs化合物的吸收累积特征及PAEs类污染物的生物毒害效应.我国多数地区农业土壤中PAEs的含量显著高于美国和欧洲等国家.大气沉降、农用薄膜、施用污泥和污水灌溉是我国农业土壤中PAEs的主要来源.不同作物对PAEs的吸收、累积和分配特征具有显著的差异性.PAEs不但影响土壤质量、作物生长和生理生化性质,而且具有生物累积效应.最后指出了当前研究中的不足及对今后研究的展望,建议扩大PAEs污染调查范围,深入揭示PAEs对农作物的毒害机理,重点研发PAEs污染土壤的原位修复技术.The environmental pollution and food safety problems caused by phthalic acid esters （PAEs） have been attracted extensive attention around the world. As a large PAEs producer and consumer, China is facing severe PAEs environmental pollution problems. This paper reviewed the present pollution status of six PAEs classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as the priority pollutants in China farmland soils, analyzed the sources of these six PAEs in this country, and discussed the absorption and accumulation characteristics of the PAEs in different crops as well as the bio-toxic effects of PAEs pollutants. The PAEs concentrations in China farmland soils are sig- nificantly higher those in the farmland soils of the United States and European countries. The main sources of PAEs in China farmland soils are atmospheric deposition, agricultural films, sewage sludge application, and wastewater irrigation. There exist significant differences in the characteris- tics of PAEs absorption, accumulation, and distribution among different crops. PAEs not only have negative effects on soil quality, crop growth, and crop physiological and biochemical properties, but also possess bio-accumulative characteristics. The weaknesses in current researches were pointed out, and the suggestions for the further researches were given, e.g. , to expand the scope of PAEs pollution survey, to explore the toxic mechanisms of PAEs on crops, and to develop the techniques for in situ remediation of PAEs-polluted soils.

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸酯 增塑剂 农业土壤 污染 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]