中国灌注师职业倦怠及工作压力源调查与分析  

Research on the relationship between job burnout and occupational stressor on the perfusionist

作　　者：于坤[1] 李景文[1] 黑飞龙[1] 吉冰洋[1] 腾媛[1] 卞璐瑜[1] 高国栋[1] 龙村[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院体外循环科,北京100037

出　　处：《中国体外循环杂志》2013年第3期129-133,共5页Chinese Journal of Extracorporeal Circulation

摘　　要：目的调查灌注师职业倦怠情况和工作压力源，并分析二者相关性。方法采用国内修订后的工作倦怠量表（M—GS）测量212名灌注师的工作倦怠情况并观察其与人口学特征、职称及收入的关系。采用临床医生工作压力源量表测量灌注师的工作压力源。分析灌注师工作倦怠与各压力源分量之间的相关性。结果调查显示灌注师的工作倦怠情况与国内医务人员常模相似。男性灌注师的成就感高于女性（P〈0．05）；情绪耗竭和情感疏远以30～39岁年龄组为最高（P〈0．01）。硕士研究生情绪衰竭较高（P〈0．01）；中级职称灌注师的情绪耗竭和情感疏远最高（P〈0．01），随着年龄的增长和职称的升高成就感逐渐升高（P〈0．05）；月收入在5000～10000元的人员情感疏远程度最高。问卷显示使灌注师最感压力的工作问题依次是外部环境、工作负荷、组织管理、职业兴趣、职业发展、医患关系和人际关系；而与职业倦怠相关系数较高（〉0．4）的压力源依次是职业兴趣、工作负荷、职业发展和人际关系。结论30一39岁年龄组职业倦怠程度最高，教育程度高者的职业倦怠较高，随着年龄的增长和职称的升高职业倦怠程度逐渐降低。与职业倦怠相关性较高的工作压力源分量包括职业发展、工作负荷、人际关系和职业兴趣。Objective To assess the job burnout level and its correlation with occupational stressors. Methods The aim was achieved through administration of a questionnaire. A convenience sample of 212 perfusionists from 50 hospitals completed the modified Maslach Burnout Inventory -General Survey and the Scale for occupational stressors on clinician. We investigated levels of stressors and burnout, and examine the relationships between stressors and burnout of the perfusionists in China. Results In general, the per- fusionists＇feeling of job burnout and occupational stress was similar to the clinicians. Women had a higher level of burnout than men with the diminished personal accomplishment. There were pronounced high level of burnout in the 30 - 39 age group. The level of burnout decreased with age increase and professional title rise, and increased with the educational background. According to the score the stressors were decreased in turn with external environment, workload, organization and management, vocation interest, career de- velopment, doctor patient relationship and interpersonal relationship. But we found that the three most strong correlation factors with the job burnout were vocation interest, workload and career development. Conclusion There is notable high level of burnout in the perfu- sionist of 30 - 39 age group. The level of burnout decreased with age and professional title rise, and increased with the educational background. The main stressors correlated with job burnout are vocation interest, workload and career development.

关 键 词：职业倦怠 工作压力源 灌注师 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]