Towards prenatal biomonitoring in Nanjing, China： lead and cadmium levels in the duration of pregnancy  

作　　者：LIU Kang-sheng MAO Xiao-dong HAO Jia-hu SHI Juan DAI Chun-fang CHEN Wen-jun 

机构地区：[1]Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory ofReproductive Medicine Nanjing Matemity and Child Health CareHospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210029, China [2]Department of Endocrine, Jiangsu Province Academy of TraditionalChinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China [3]Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Healthof Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [4]Department of Maternity and Child Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health CareHospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China [5]Departmentof Obstetrics, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health CareHospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China

出　　处：《Chinese Medical Journal》2013年第16期3107-3111,共5页中华医学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：Background Prenatal lead and cadmium exposure will not only influence the mother＇s organ systems,but also will provide an environment that may influence the fetus and neonate in a harmful way.In the present study,we detected the blood lead levels （BLLS） and cadmium levels for the duration of pregnancy and 6-12 weeks after delivery and to analyze the influencing factors of BLLs in healthy pregnant women.Methods A cohort study survey was carried out.We recruited 174 healthy pregnant women without pregnancy or obstetric complications or abnormal pregnancy outcomes as the gravida group,and 120 healthy non-pregnant women as the control group.Results The lead concentrations in the three pregnancy trimesters and in the postpartum period were：（5.98±2.43）,（5.54±2.01）,（5.59±1.97）,and （6.76±1.74） μg/dl; and （6.75±2.13） μg/dl in the control group.The cadmium concentrations in the three pregnancy trimesters and postpartum period were 1.61±0.45,1.63±0.46,1.64±0.49,and 1.67±0.57.We found that the BLLs in the gravida group were lower than in the control group during all three trimesters.Occupations,supplement nutritional elements （dietary supplements and nutritional （food） elements）,and the time of house painting could affect BLLs in pregnant women.Lead-related occupations,using cosmetics,and living in a house painted more recently than one year previously are risk factors of high BLLs among pregnant women,while calcium,iron,zinc,and milk supplements are protective factors.Conclusions These findings may help people,especially pregnant women,to reduce lead exposure via supplements of calcium,iron,zinc,and milk or avoiding contacting risk factors.Background Prenatal lead and cadmium exposure will not only influence the mother＇s organ systems,but also will provide an environment that may influence the fetus and neonate in a harmful way.In the present study,we detected the blood lead levels （BLLS） and cadmium levels for the duration of pregnancy and 6-12 weeks after delivery and to analyze the influencing factors of BLLs in healthy pregnant women.Methods A cohort study survey was carried out.We recruited 174 healthy pregnant women without pregnancy or obstetric complications or abnormal pregnancy outcomes as the gravida group,and 120 healthy non-pregnant women as the control group.Results The lead concentrations in the three pregnancy trimesters and in the postpartum period were：（5.98±2.43）,（5.54±2.01）,（5.59±1.97）,and （6.76±1.74） μg/dl; and （6.75±2.13） μg/dl in the control group.The cadmium concentrations in the three pregnancy trimesters and postpartum period were 1.61±0.45,1.63±0.46,1.64±0.49,and 1.67±0.57.We found that the BLLs in the gravida group were lower than in the control group during all three trimesters.Occupations,supplement nutritional elements （dietary supplements and nutritional （food） elements）,and the time of house painting could affect BLLs in pregnant women.Lead-related occupations,using cosmetics,and living in a house painted more recently than one year previously are risk factors of high BLLs among pregnant women,while calcium,iron,zinc,and milk supplements are protective factors.Conclusions These findings may help people,especially pregnant women,to reduce lead exposure via supplements of calcium,iron,zinc,and milk or avoiding contacting risk factors.

关 键 词：blood lead levels blood cadmium levels PREGNANCY lead exposure 

分 类 号：X838[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]