不同生育期水分胁迫对玉米光合特性的影响  

Effect of water stress on maize photosynthetic characteristics in different growth stages

作　　者：刘帆[1] 申双和[1,2] 李永秀[1,2] 李丽[1] 邹学智[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科学》2013年第4期378-383,共6页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2010CB950702)

摘　　要：利用遮雨棚以夏玉米为对象进行水分胁迫大田试验,通过分析玉米叶片光合测量数据,研究不同生育期水分胁迫对玉米光合特性的影响,为定量分析不同水分胁迫程度对玉米生育的可能机理提供数据和初步的理论支持。结果表明:土壤水分下降会使玉米叶片的光合速率(P n)、气孔导度(G s)、蒸腾速率(T r)降低,而胞间CO2浓度(C i)和水分利用效率(W UE)会增加;P n随着光照强度的增加而增加,且随着水分胁迫强度增强,P n增加速率降低;干旱胁迫会改变P n、T r日变化规律,并且对拔节期光合作用的抑制小于成熟期;W UE与P n存在极显著的正相关关系,与T r、C i及G s存在显著的负相关关系。Based on the field experiment in the large moving water proof canopy, the effect of water stress on the summer maize photosynthetic characteristics in different growth stages and its potential mech- anism were analysed by the leaves photosynthetic data. The results showed that photosynthetic rate（Pn） , stomatal conductance（ Gs ） and transpiration rate （Tr ） reduced along with the soil moisture decrease, while the intercellular CO： concentration（ Ci ） and water use efficiency（ WUE ） increased. With the rising of PAR（photosynthetically active radiation）, photosynthetic rate increased, but the increasing rate of Pn tended to weaken due to the decreasing of soil moisture. The diurnal rule of Pn and Tr changed greatly be- cause of water stress, and the decreasing in jointing stage was less serious than that in maturing stage. An evident positive correlation was found between Wuz and Pn, but the negative correlation between WUE and T, Ci, Gs is obvious.

关 键 词：水分胁迫 玉米 光合速率 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学]