西南地区可降水量分布及其与纵向岭谷区降水的关系  

Relationship between the air column precipitable water in the southwest area and the rainfall over the longitudinal range-gorge

作　　者：任菊章[1,2] 肖子牛[3] 张万诚[1,2] 郑建萌 段长春[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省气象局季风与气象灾害研究开放实验室,昆明650034 [2]云南省气象科学研究所,昆明650034 [3]中国气象局干部培训中心,北京100081 [4]云南省气侯中心,昆明650034

出　　处：《气象科学》2013年第4期442-448,共7页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(40965006);国家自然科学云南省联合基金项目(U1133603);云南省省院校科技合作计划(2006YX39);公益性行业(气象)专项科研(GYHY201006054)

摘　　要：利用1948—2002年NCEP/NCAR资料对西南纵向岭谷及其周边区域可降水量做EOF分解,结果表明:无论在干季还是雨季,可降水量的前两个主分量在25°N以北的纵向岭谷地区呈纬向分布特征,其时间序列均有显著的年代际变化。而纵向岭谷地区的实际降水年代际的变化并不显著,其年际变化更为清晰。降水及可降水量多雨年和少雨年的合成分析结果表明:在干季,多雨年和少雨年的可降水量与降水量均存在显著差异,并且在可降水量差值变化梯度越大的区域,降水差异越明显。在雨季,多雨年和少雨年的可降水量差别不大,但降水存在显著的差异。可见,在干季可降水量与实际降水的关系更为直接,较雨季也更为密切。Using NCEP/NCAR data, the dominant spatial and temporal patterns of air column pre- cipitable water（PW） over the southwest area are studied by empirical orthogonal function （EOF） analy- sis for the rainy/dry seasons of 1948 -2002. The results show that latitude distribution exists in EOF1 and EOF2 in the north of 25 °N, and a sudden shift occurrs in EOF1 and EOF2 in rainy and dry seasons. On the other hand, there exists little difference of PW over the longitudinal range-gorge but quite obrious difference of rainfall between wet and dry years in rainy seasons, which is possibly related to the special terrain of the longitudinal range-gorge. In the dry seasons, there exists considerable difference of PW and rainfall over the longitudinal range-gorge between wet and dry years, which shows the correlation between PW and rainfall in dry seasons is closer.

关 键 词：可降水量 纵向岭谷 年代际变化 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]