珍稀树种格木蛀梢害虫的种类鉴定与发生规律初报  

Species identification and occurrence analysis for a shoot-borer of Erythrophleum fordii

作　　者：赵志刚[1] 王敏[2] 曾冀[3] 莫洪荣 郭俊杰[1] 曾杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]华南农业大学资源与环境学院,广州510642 [3]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥市532600 [4]肇庆国营北岭山林场,广东肇庆市526060

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2013年第4期534-538,共5页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项课题(201204301-2);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研专项(RITFKYYW2010-05)

摘　　要：格木Erythrophleum fordii Oliv.是我国热带南亚热带地区一个重要的珍贵用材树种,蛀梢害虫的严重为害长期制约着其人工林的健康发展。基于对格木蛀梢害虫种类的鉴定,以及若干造林模式的虫害调查,初步总结了格木蛀梢害虫的发生规律。格木蛀梢害虫为荔枝异形小卷蛾Cryptophlebia ombrodelta L.,主要为害格木未完全木质化的嫩梢,严重影响其干形和长势。从广东格木种源家系试验林虫害发生的时空格局分析,荔枝异型小卷蛾繁殖快,在纯林中扩散迅速,而且所有种源、家系均受害,因此格木不宜营造大片纯林。格木与桉树以及米老排、红锥等速生树种同龄或异龄混交模式中,格木处于林冠下,其受害率明显下降,说明与速生树种混交能够控制荔枝异型小卷蛾的发生与为害;而与生长速度接近的马尾松混交,因二者处于同一林冠层,对虫害控制效果差;这种差异可能与荔枝异型小卷蛾不适应荫蔽环境有关。研究首次明确了格木蛀梢害虫种类,初步摸清其发生规律,并提出了适宜的造林模式,为格木人工林的健康发展提供了科技支撑。Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. （Caesalpiniaceae） is a valuable timber species in tropical and sub -tropical zones of China, and the development of its plantation has been restricted due to serious damage by a kind of borer. Here the species identification of this borer was conducted, and its occurrence was investigated based on a serial of surveys for plantations of E. fordii over years. The borer was identified as Cryptophlebia ombrodelta L. （Tortricidae）, which hurts severely terminal young shoot of E. fordii mainly, and resulted in loss of apical dominance. In provenance and family test of E. fordii which was established as pure plantation on a whole slope from lower to upper at Beilingshan State Forest Farm of Zhaoqing City, Guangdong, it was indicated that this borer propagated very fast and spread in pure forest rapidly, and all provenances and families were damaged establishment of large - scale pure plantations. According to by it, therefore E. fordii is not suitable for our survey on the mixed forest modes at Pingxiang City, Guangxi, the rate of pest occurrence decreased much more significantly when E. fordii were mixed with some fast - growing tree species, while it did not differ from pure plantations when mixed with the tree species such as Pinus massoniana with almost the same growth rate as E.fordii. The difference between these two kinds of modes was position of E.fordii in canopy and C. ombrodelta did perhaps not fit shade condition. Therefore mixed plantation with fast - growing tree species could inhibit the occurrence of C. ombrodelta. These findings provide technical supports for healthy development of plantation forestry for E. fordii.

关 键 词：荔枝异形小卷蛾 格木 为害特点 混交模式 蛀梢害虫 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学] S435.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]