废旧锂离子电池正极材料与铝箔电解剥离浸出研究  

Leaching cobalt and stripping aluminum foil from cathode electrode of spent Li-ion batteries by the electrolytic technology

作　　者：覃远根[1,2] 满瑞林[2] 尹晓莹[2] 张建[2] 付蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]铜仁学院生物科学与化学系,贵州铜仁554300 [2]中南大学化学化工学院,"有色金属资源化学"教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《现代化工》2013年第8期49-52,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21046007)

摘　　要：提出了一废旧锂电池正极材料的电解浸出新工艺。以铅板为阳极,锂电池正极材料为阴极,利用外加电流的阴极保护铝箔,实现在浸出钴的同时剥离铝箔,使铝箔得以完整回收。研究了浸出过程各因素对钴铝浸出影响,最佳电解浸出条件为:电流密度为15.6 mA/cm2,硫酸浓度为0.4 mol/L,柠檬酸质量浓度为36 g/L,温度为25℃,电解时间为120 min,钴浸出率为90.85%,铝溶解率为5.8%。对后续工艺进行了讨论,通过对剥离的正极粉料综合回收处理,萃取除杂,草酸铵沉钴,得到钴质量分数为31.3%合格的草酸钴,钴的综合回收率大于99.8%。A new electrolytic leaching technology to deal with the cathode material of spent Li-ion batteries is provided in this study.The cobalt can be leached out with lead plate as anode and cathode material of spent li-ion batteries as cathode in impressed current cathode protection.Simultaneously,the aluminum foil can be stripped and completely recovered.The factors influencing the leaching rate of cobalt and aluminum are studied.The optimal conditions are shown as follows：15.6 mA/cm2 of electric current density,0.4 mol/L of sulfuric acid concentration,36 g/L of citric acid concentration,25℃ of temperature and 120 min of electrolytic time.Under the optimal condition,the leaching rate of cobalt is 90.85％ and dissolution rate of aluminum is 5.8％.The follow-up process is also discussed.After extracting impurities and ammonium oxalate sinking cobalt,the cobalt oxalate containing 31.3％ cobalt can be got which matches industrial purity.Through the whole process,the comprehensive rate of cobalt is above 99.8％.

关 键 词：废旧锂离子电池 电解浸出 LICOO2 铝箔 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X77