水葫芦生防菌的分离筛选及初步鉴定  

Isolation and identification of pathogenic strain against water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

作　　者：王小欣[1] 卢柳吉[1] 李其利[2] 宁平[1] 周晓舟[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术学院,南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2013年第8期1291-1294,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西农业职业技术学院2011年度学生科技创新项目(20110103)

摘　　要：【目的】分离筛选对水葫芦具有强致病性菌株，为水葫芦生物防治奠定理论基础。【方法】利用组织分离法，从自然发病水葫芦叶片上分离获得对水葫芦有强致病性的菌株并纯化培养；用玻片保湿法观察菌株分生孢子与分生孢子梗形态特征；根据柯赫氏法则对自然发病与接种叶片发病情况进行验证对比；通过查阅《真菌鉴定手册》对菌株进行形态学鉴定。【结果】经组织分离法提取纯化得到菌株BG11，该菌在PDA上生长较好，菌落紧密，表面灰白色，呈绒毛状；分生孢子合轴产生，2～5个分生孢子着生在分生孢子梗上，分生孢子为短圆柱形，单胞无色，有油球，长度为12．50～17．50μm，大多数为13．75～17．00μm，宽度为4．50～5．50μm；将BG11菌株接种到健康水葫芦叶片上表现为自然发病叶片类似症状，且两者分生孢子梗及分生孢子形态一致。【结论】初步鉴定BG11菌株为水葫芦炭疽菌Colletotrichum sp．，对水葫芦具有强致病性。[Objective ]Strong pathogenic strains were screened to provide references for biological control of water hyacinth. [Method]Using tissue separation, a strain pathogenic strong to water hyacinth isolated from the leaves of naturally diseased water hyacinth, was purified and cultivated. The features of conidium and conidiophore in the isolated strain were observed using glass hydrating method. The leaves of naturally diseased water hyacinth and those of artificially diseased water hyacinth were compared based on Koch＇s Rule. Morphological identification was conducted referring to Fungi Identification Manual. [Result]The purified BGll with hoary and villiform surface as well as dense bacterial colony grew vigorously in PDA. The conidium growth was sympodium. There was 2-5 conidia insertion in eonidiophore. The coloudess unicellular conidia were short cylinder with oil balls. The length was 12.50-17.50μm with most being 13.75-17.00 μm. The width was 4.50-5.50 μm. After inoculated with BGll, the healthy leaves of water hyacinth showed similar symptoms to natural diseased leaves. Moreover, conidiophore and conidium shared the same spore morphology. [Conclusion]The preliminary identification revealed that BG11 was Colletotrichum sp. and it had strong pathogenicity to water hyacinth.

关 键 词：水葫芦 生防菌 筛选 鉴定 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]