库姆塔格沙漠沙生柽柳种群与环境因子分析  

Tamarix taklamakanensis Populations and Their Environmental Factors in the Kumtag Desert

作　　者：杨尧军[1] 袁宏波[2] 刘淑娟[2] 张锦春[2] 唐进年[2] 丁峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南城建学院城市规划与建筑系,河南平顶山467036 [2]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室,省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2013年第5期827-831,共5页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(1208RJZA262);国家自然科学基金(40961013);国家科技基础性工作专项(2006FY110800)

摘　　要：选择对沙生柽柳种群具有重要影响的地理、土壤、水分3要素的7个因子为指标,采用因子分析法,对影响沙生柽柳种群生长与分布的环境因子进行分析。结果表明:土壤养分是影响种群生存和发展的最主要影响因子,表明区域环境严酷、土壤贫瘠,对沙生柽柳生长发育的限制作用明显;海拔影响较小,并与其他因子共同作用,表明地理因子对植物或植物种群的影响主要是通过对其他因子的作用而产生的间接影响;水分对沙生柽柳的影响又反映了其生存环境的地下水位及其矿化度特征。库姆塔格沙漠在长期地质及气候环境变化中形成的土壤基质在短期内难以得到改善,土壤养分匮乏的影响将长期存在,植物种群的保护与恢复存在较大难度,尤其是对于面临严重衰退威胁的沙生柽柳更应加强保护力度;而加快防治区域沙漠化发展、加强保护植物现有生境,将是维持区域植物生长和种群发展较有效的手段。Seven factors in three elements including geography,soil and water,affecting strongly the Tamarix taklamakanensis populations,were chosen as the indicators to analyze the environmental factors affecting the growth and distribution of T.taklamakanensis populations using the factor analysis.The results showed that soil nutrient was the most important factor related to the survival and development of the populations.Regional severe environment and poor soil restricted obviously the growth and development of the populations.The effect of altitude on the growth and development of the populations was low,and altitude affected the growth and development of the populations together with other factors.The geographical factors affected indirectly the growth and development of the populations.The effect of soil moisture content on the populations reflected the characteristics of groundwater level and its salinity in the habitats.It is difficult to improve the soil which was formed in the long-term geologic evolution and climate change in the Kumtag Desert in a short term,and the shortage of soil nutrient will be continuously maintained in the future.Therefore,it is difficult to conserve and regenerate the plant populations.It is suggested to strengthen the conservation of T.taklamakanensis populations and their habitats and control regional desertification.

关 键 词：因子分析法 沙生柽柳 种群 环境因子 土壤养分 库姆塔格沙漠 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]