厚硬火成岩下突出煤层动力灾害致因研究  

Factors analysis on dynamic disasters of outburst coal seams under thick-hard igneous rock in coal mines

作　　者：王亮[1,2,3] 程远平[1,2] 翟清伟[4] 葛春贵[3] 陈家祥[3] 姜海纳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学煤矿瓦斯治理国家工程研究中心,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]淮北矿业股份有限公司博士后科研工作站,安徽淮北235000 [4]兖州煤业股份有限公司鲍店煤矿,山东邹城273513

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2013年第8期1368-1375,共8页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51004106);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2012M510145)

摘　　要：针对海孜煤矿主采煤层顶板上部厚层坚硬火成岩造成的突水、瓦斯突出、冲击地压和地表沉陷等煤岩动力灾害,采用煤样SEM(扫描电镜)分析、组分和反射率测定等方法,研究了厚硬火成岩下突出煤层物性参数特征,采用板应力拱平衡理论研究了采动离层裂隙发育规律,采用梁结构破断弹性理论研究了厚硬火成岩对冲击地压和突水的影响,以揭示厚硬火成岩下突出煤层动力灾害的致因。研究结果表明,巨厚火成岩的热演化和圈闭作用,导致下伏各煤层孔隙发育,吸附瓦斯能力增强,各煤层突出危险性增加;厚硬火成岩为矿井主关键层,受采动影响能长期保持不断裂,其下伏煤岩层的裂隙与离层能长期不闭合,能为卸压瓦斯抽采创造条件;但随着煤层的持续和大面积开采,厚硬火成岩突然破断滑落,破断过程中释放出大量能量并向周围传播,容易引起冲击地压、矿井水灾、瓦斯突出及地表沉陷等复合型动力灾害。Dynamic disasters, such as rock bursts, water inrush, gas outbursts and surface subsidence, are easily induced under the specific geological conditions with a thick-hard igneous rock overlying main coal seams in Haizi Coal Mine. To understand the factors affecting dynamic disasters, the authors analyzed the outburst coal seams＇ physical parameters using scanning electron microscope, component and reflectivity measurement method, studied the separation fractures evolution law of overlying rocks with plate stress arch balance theory, and investigated the factors of rock bursts and water inrush with beam structure broken elasticity theory. The results show that the thermal evolution and trap effect of igneous rock result in the coal seam porosity well developed, the gas adsorption ability enhanced and the outburst risk increased. The igneous rock, called a ＂main key stratum＂, will not subside nor break for a long time, causing the fractures and bed separations under the stratum not to close, which is good for pressure relief gas drainage. On the other hand, the thick-hard igneous rock will suddenly break down with continuously mining operation ,which releases and spreads the elastic energy, easily causing complex dynamic disasters, namely rock bursts, mine floods, gas outburst and surface subsidence in coal mines.

关 键 词：厚硬火成岩 突出煤层 动力灾害 离层裂隙 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]