我国利率市场化对商业银行的影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Interest Rate Liberalization on Commercial Banks

作　　者：巴曙松[1] 严敏 王月香[3] 

机构地区：[1]国务院发展研究中心金融研究所,北京100010 [2]中国邮政储蓄银行,北京100808 [3]中央财经大学金融学院,北京100081

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第4期27-37,共11页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：利率市场化改革是一国金融业发展到一定程度的客观需要和必然结果,也是一国经济体制改革中的核心问题。随着我国利率市场化进程的推进和深入,我国商业银行面临利率市场化带来的严重冲击和巨大挑战。与大型国有银行相比,中小银行存在资产规模小、传统业务竞争力弱、中间业务发展相对落后、资金内部转移定价能力差以及利率风险管理能力弱等突出问题,实施利率市场化后,中小银行明显处于弱势群体地位,受到的冲击将会更大,这不仅表现在净利差的收窄,更表现于来自大型银行的竞争和挤压。利率市场化后,伴随着优质企业议价能力的提高,传统信贷业务方面同业竞争将更为残酷。为此,中小银行不仅需要通过提高自身的经营能力和管理水平以实现业务结构调整和多元化经营来应对挑战,更需要充分利用自身区域特征以及业务审批速度快等比较优势,基于中小企业融资需求"急、少、短、频"的特征,在中小企业融资过程中,充分发挥中小银行在信息搜寻、贷款谈判以及贷款后对中小企业的监督成本等方面的供给优势,积极拓展中小企业融资业务,改善中小企业融资环境,实现共赢。这将是中小银行应对利率市场化挑战的有效途径。Interest rate liberalization as an important part of Chinas economic reform,has its inevitability,and also is the certain requirement of the financial development. With the advance of Chinas interest rate liberalization,market-oriented reform of interest rate must have a significant impact on the management of Chinas commercial banks,particularly small and medium-sized banks.Compared with the large banks,small banks have some outstanding problems.After the implementation of interest rate market,small and medium-sized banks are obviously in a vulnerable position,and the impact will be even greater,not only from the narrowed net interest margin,but also from the competition and squeeze from large banks.Since the improvement of bargaining ability in excellent enterprises after the liberalization of interest rate,the competition in traditional credit business will be even more brutal.Therefore,medium and small banks need to not only improve their management ability to achieve business restructuring and diversification,but also take full advantage of its own regional characteristic as well as its comparative advantage of fast business approval.Based on the ＂ urgent,small,short,frequent ＂ features of financing needs in SMEs,small and medium banks should give full play to the role in information searching,loan negotiating and supervision of loans to SMEs,actively expand financing business and improve the financing environment for SMEs to achieve win-win situation.This will be an effective response to the challenges of the liberalization of interest rate for small and medium banks.

关 键 词：利率市场化 中小银行 风险管理 

分 类 号：F832.33[经济管理—金融学] F822.0