煤中锗的资源分布及煤伴锗提取工艺的研究进展  

Resource Distribution of Germanium in Coal and Study Progress on the Germanium Recovery from Coal

作　　者：徐冬 陈毅伟 郭桦 刘汉强 薛应东 张文福 孙玉才 

机构地区：[1]国电新能源技术研究院,北京100034 [2]国电蒙东能源有限公司,内蒙古锡林郭勒026105

出　　处：《煤化工》2013年第4期53-57,共5页Coal Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家973计划课题(2009CB219604);国家科技重大专项课题(2011ZX05034-003)

摘　　要：介绍了煤中锗资源的分布规律及我国的锗煤富集区分布情况。阐述了水冶法、火冶法、微生物浸出法和干馏法处理含锗烟尘的研究进展,并进行了不同工艺的对比。在火冶法中,着重介绍了燃烧富集、二次富集处理含锗褐煤及采用氯化蒸馏法处理含锗烟尘的工艺,并以含锗褐煤为例,对热电联产富集锗、氯化蒸馏提锗的处理过程进行了物料平衡分析。简要分析了煤伴锗提取工艺中存在的问题,并指出提锗工艺的改进方向和建议。The distribution rule and the exact distil bution of Germanium in coal was summarized and the study progress on treating the Ge-containing fume and dust with the methods of hydro-metallurgy, fiery-metallurgy, microbial leaching and dry distillation was introduced. For the fiery-metallurgy process, the combustion enrichment and the secondary enrichment methods to treat the Ge-containing lignite and the process to treat the Ge-containing fume with the method of chlorinated distillation was emphasized. Based on the Ge-eontaining lignite, the mass balance analysis on thermal power generation coproducing enriched germanium and Ge recovery via chloildizing distillation was worked out. Additionally, the different domestic and foreign wet extraction processes to distill germanium as well as their advantages and disadvantages were introduced and compared. In the end, the drawbacks and development direction of Ge recovery process from coal were predicted.

关 键 词：锗 煤 资源分布 含锗烟尘 提取 

分 类 号：TQ533.1[化学工程—煤化学工程]