基于交通可达性的京津冀城市网络集中性及空间结构研究  

The City Network Centrality and Spatial Structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region

作　　者：刘辉[1,2] 申玉铭[1] 孟丹[1] 薛晋[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,中国北京100048 [2]中国城市科学规划设计研究院,中国北京100037

出　　处：《经济地理》2013年第8期37-45,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40871069)

摘　　要：伴随高速公路和高速铁路基础设施建设和运营,城市间"时间距离"缩短,引起城市区位和城市关系网络发生变化。研究将GIS网络分析和社会网络分析结合起来,利用O-D矩阵和引力场模型,分析京津冀都市圈在公路、铁路、高速公路和高速铁路4种不同交通模式下,可达性的差异性及都市圈城市经济相互作用的外向和内向集中程度等。结果发现:①交通可达性对都市圈内层极化作用高于外层作用,交通按照公路→铁路→高速公路→高速铁路顺序大大提高城市间可达性。②交通可达性具有两面性。一方面提高城市经济辐射能力和城市间联系度,另一方面拉大城市间差异程度,且北京、天津以辐射功能为主,其它城市以集聚为主。③可达性在1h以内,城市对外影响力较明显,变化幅度最大的是廊坊(0.25h),在1h以上,城市经济影响力变化较弱,在2h以上影响渐渐消失。④公路、铁路、高速公路和高速铁路4种交通模式中,天津交通区位优越于北京,但在可达性和经济影响力综合作用下,北京外向集中程度(Out Degree)地位明显优越于天津,而内向集中程度(In Degree)天津高于北京。⑤可达性拓展了都市圈内层的空间范围,并引起空间结构由"多中心"结构向连续的"带状"结构演变。With the expressway and high-speed railway infrastructure construction, city＇ s ＂Temporal Distance＂ is shortened, which cause city location and network relationship changing. On the basis of the study on GIS network analysis and social network analysis, and using O-D matrix and gravity field model, the paper analysis the accessibility, OutDegree and InDegree for different traffic mode of highway, railway; expressway and high-speed railway in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Area. The results show that：（~）Inner polarization effect of accessibility is higher than the outer layer of metropolitan, according to the highway, railway, highway traffic, high-speed railway order, the city accessibility is improved more and more.（~）The traffic accessibility has two sides. On the one hand, it improves economic radiant ability and connection degree between city, on the other hand, it enhances the big different degree, besides, Beijing, Tianjin with radiant function, other city to agglomeration.（~）According to the ＂Temporal distance＂ in 1 hour, the city＇s external influence becomes obviously, the biggest changing is Langfang （0.25 hours）. 1 hour over, the economic influence becomes gradually weaker, which disappear in 2 hour over. @ Tianjin traffic is advantageously more than Beijing, in the highway, railway, expressway and high-speed railway 4 traffic modes. But then, under the comprehensive effect of accessibility and economic influence, Beijing＇ s Outdegree is higher than Tianjin, InDegree Tianjin than Beijing. （~）Accessibility enlarges the space scope of metropolitan, besides it causes the spatial structure from ＂Poly-centricity Spatial Structure＂ to ＂Zonal Spatial Structure＂

关 键 词：城市网络 引力模型 可达性 京津冀都市圈 

分 类 号：TU982[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] F291.1[经济管理—国民经济]