2011年秋季乳山湾及邻近海域网采浮游植物生态特征的初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on Ecological Characteristics of Net-Phytoplankton in Rushan Bay and Its Adjacent Area in Autumn,2011

作　　者：钟熙[1] 宫相忠[1] 高伟[1] 张文健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第9期60-66,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家海洋局专项(CMHE2010ZC08)资助

摘　　要：对2011年秋季(10月)乳山湾及邻近海域的网采浮游植物的物种组成、细胞丰度分布、群落结构特征及其与环境因子的相关性进行分析。共鉴定出浮游植物3门31属58种,硅藻是主要类群,多为广温广盐性或温带近岸性种。调查海域的优势种属有中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、洛氏角毛藻(Nitzschia lorenziana)、圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus spp.)、星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)和伏氏海线藻(Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii)。浮游植物细胞丰度介于(1.39～44.72)×104个/m3,平均为15.70×104个/m3,呈现出湾内高于湾外的特征。ShannonWinner指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数的平面分布显示:湾内浮游植物群落的结构稳定性低于湾外。相似性聚类分析结果显示:湾内和湾外表现出不同的浮游植物群落特征。浮游植物细胞丰度与亚硝酸盐呈极显著正相关,与盐度呈极显著负相关。Species composition, cell abundance distribution and community structure of net-phytoplankton in Rushan Bay and its adjacent area in autumn 2011 was determined in this study. The analyzed included also the correlation between cell abundance and environmental parameters and the community similarity. A total of 58 species were identified, which belonged to 31 genera, 3 phyIa. Diatom was the predomi- nant group. Most of phytoplankton ecotypes were eurythermal, euryhaline and temperate alongshore. The dominant species were Skeletonema costatum , Nitzschia lorenziana , Coscinodiscus sp. , Coscinodiscus as- teromphalus, Noctiluca scintillans, and Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii. The cell abundance of phytoplank- ton ranged from 1.39 to 44. 72 ~ 104 cells/ma, with an average of 15.70 X 104 cells/m3, representing the cell abundance inside Rushan Bay was higher than that outside. Three indices, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index, were used to describe the characteristics of community structure of phytoplankton in the survey area. The results showed that the stability of phytoplankton com- munity structure inside Rushan Bay was lower than that outside. The results of community similarity anal- ysis showed that there were different community characteristics inside and outside Rushan Bay. There was an evidently positive correlation between cell abundance and dissolved nitrite, and an evidently negative correlation between cell abundance and salinity.

关 键 词：浮游植物 生态特征 赤潮 乳山湾 秋季 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]