竹炭及其固定化微生物在水处理中的应用研究进展  

Research Progress of Bamboo Charcoal and Its Immobilized Microorganism Used in Water Treatment

作　　者：彭丽莎[1] 余东游[1] 李卫芬[1] 杨慧敏[2] 钟哲科[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《竹子研究汇刊》2013年第2期37-41,共5页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2009CB118705);浙江省自然科学基金(Y3090695)

摘　　要：竹炭继承了竹材发达的孔隙特征,碳含量高,比表面积大而吸附力强。竹炭能有效吸附水体中卤素、重金属、酚类、染料、氮、磷、有机物等。其吸附效果与竹炭粒径和用量、污染物种类及所处环境等很多因素相关。在一定范围内,竹炭粒径越小,用量越多,与水体接触时间越长,温度和pH越适宜,吸附效果越好。将能降解污染物的微生物与竹炭结合起来,制备出竹炭固定化微生物,特别适于养殖水中氨氮、硫化物、酚类等特定污染物的处理,其效果较竹炭好。因为竹炭能为微生物提供生存场所,微生物能为竹炭清除孔隙中的污染物。目前竹炭固定化微生物用于水处理的实例不多,该文综述了竹炭及其固定化微生物在水处理中的应用,旨在为净化水质提供一种更高效便捷的方法。Bamboo charcoal, which inherited the porosity of the bamboo, has rich carbon element and strong adsorption due to its high specific surface area. It can effectively adsorb halogen, heavy metals, phenols, dye, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic pollutants and so on in water. Factors, such as bamboo charcoal particle size and amount, pollutant types and the environment, affect the adsorption of bamboo charcoal. In a certain range, the smaller the bamboo charcoal particle size, the more the dosage, the longer the contact time with water, the more appropriate the temperature and pH, the better the adsorption effect is. Combine the microorganism, which could degrade pollutants, with bamboo charcoal, we may get the bamboo charcoal immobilized microorganism. And it is particularly suitable for dealing with specified pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, sulfide, phenols in aquaculture water, its effect is better than bamboo charcoal. Because bamboo charcoal can provide microorganisms a live place, while microorganisms can remove contaminants in bamboo charcoal. At present, the phenomenon of bamboo charcoal immobilized microorganism used in water treatment is not common. In order to offer a more efficient and convenient method of water purification, we reviewed the application of bamboo charcoal and its immobilized microorganism in water treatment.

关 键 词：竹炭 固定化微生物 水处理 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]