舟山海域和杭州湾北岸水体及生物体内的重金属污染分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation on the heavy metal pollution of seawater and marine organisms from Zhoushan sea area and north bank in the Hangzhou Bay

作　　者：李娟英[1] 崔昱[1] 肖利[1] 吴惠仙[1] 薛俊增[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋通报》2013年第4期440-445,共6页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：上海市科委海洋科技专项(10dz1210900);上海市教委重点学科建设项目(J50701)

摘　　要：洋山港的建设及运营将会造成其所在的舟山海域受到重金属的污染,也会对其邻近的杭州湾造成一定程度的影响。就舟山海域和杭州湾北岸的海水与生物体内的重金属含量进行了分析与评价,结果表明,在表层海水中,舟山海域Hg污染最为严重,尤其是洋山港所在的小洋样点,其周边杭州湾北岸以Pb、Hg为主要污染物。在生物体内,舟山海域中日本笠藤壶、白脊管藤壶体内Hg超标情况最为严重,与该海域水体中Hg的严重污染相对应;杭州湾北岸僧帽牡蛎体内Cu超标情况最为严重,大洋和小洋样点的僧帽牡蛎与两种藤壶体内重金属的污染程度和特性差异较大,这与物种不同而导致重金属进入生物体内的分配机制差异有关,其体内Hg含量与该海域表层海水Hg含量呈极显著相关性,说明僧帽牡蛎可作为杭州湾北岸Hg污染的指示生物。The construction and operation of the Yangshan Port is expected to incur heavy metal contamination in the waters of Zhoushan and its adjacent Hangzhou Bay.In this study,heavy metal levels were analyzed in the sea water and selected marine organisms sampled from the waters of Zhoushan and the north bank of the Hangzhou Bay.The results showed that Hg was the predominant metal contaminating the surface water in the marine environment of Zhoushan,particularly at the sampling site of Xiaoyang where the Yangshan Port is situated,while Pb and Hg were the major metal contaminants in the north bank of Hangzhou Bay.In Tetraclitajaponicas and Fistulobalanus albicoastatus,Hg was the one with the greatest exceedance over the marine biological standard,which reflected the severe contamination by Hg in the waters inhabiting these organisms.In contrast,Cu was the one with the greatest exceedance over the marine biological standard in Ostrea cucullatas collected from the north bank of the Hangzhou Bay.The apparent difference in metal species and levels in marine organism samples from Dayang and Xiaoyang might be attributed to species-specific uptake and distribution of heavy metals.Significant correlation was found between Hg concentrations in Ostrea cucullatas and those in the surface water from the north bank of the Hangzhou Bay,suggesting the usefulness of this organism as a bioindicator for Hg contamination in the surface water of this area.

关 键 词：重金属污染 洋山港 指示生物 藤壶 僧帽牡蛎 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]