陕西省零售药店药品价格与可获得性评估研究  

Evaluation of medicine price and availability in retail pharmacies in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：姜明欢[1] 周忠良[2] 方宇[1] 王乐[1] 王文娟[1] 侯鸿军 朱岩冰 杨世民[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部药学院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学公共管理学院卫生管理与政策研究所,陕西西安710049 [3]陕西省食品药品监督管理局,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2013年第8期37-42,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71103141/G0308);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2011jdhz62);陕西省社会科学基金项目(10E066)

摘　　要：目的:探析实施国家基本药物制度对陕西省零售药店药品价格与可获得性产生的影响,为政策调整提出相应建议。方法:利用第二版WHO-HAI标准化调查方法,分别于2010年和2012年对陕西省6个地市的36家和72家零售药店进行调查,将44种药品的价格、可获得性和可负担性数据进行比较。结果:样本药店中原研药和最低价格仿制药的可获得性略有降低;原研药的零售价明显降低,而最低价格仿制药零售价升高,慢性病药物零售价升高较明显;两年来,患者对药物的支付性明显提高。结论:基本药物制度实施后陕西省零售药店原研药品价格降低,患者的可负担性改善明显,但调研药品的可获得性却显著降低。建议:政府部门应进一步完善药品价格政策,加大对零售药店的扶持力度;零售药店提高药学服务水平,加强品牌基本药物营销力度;适当降低慢性病药物仿制药的价格,减轻慢性病患者的医疗负担;开展药品价格组分研究,防止部分药品因价格过高影响患者的可负担性。Objective： The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of national essential medicine system on medicine price and availability in retail pharmacies in Shaanxi Province and to provide further insight into the policy adjustment. Method： By using a standardized methodology （2008 Edition） developed by the World Health Organization （WHO） and Health Action International （HAI）, we surveyed 36 and 72 retail pharmacies in 6 cities of Shaanxi Province in 2010 and 2012, respectively. Data on the prices, availability and affordability of 44 medicines collected in two surveys were compared. Results： The availability of originator brands and the lowest priced generics was slightly lower in 2012 than in 2010. The retail price of originator brands decreased obviously and the retail price of the lowest priced generics increased, especially for the medicines treating chronic diseases. The affordability improved through the two years. Conclusions： The prices of originator brands were higher, although affordability was better, there were concerning decreases in medicines availability in retail pharmacies in 2012 comparing to 2010. The government may consider to adjust the pricing mechanism and provide more support to retail pharmacies. The retail pharmacies should improve the level of pharmaceutical care services, enhance the concept of brand management, and decrease the prices of chronic medicines appropriately to reduce patients burden of medical treatment. Meanwhile, we should conduct research on medicine price components to avoid the situation that some high price medicines affect patients affordability.

关 键 词：国家基本药物制度 零售药店 价格 可获得性 可负担性 

分 类 号：R951[医药卫生—药学]