贵州野生百尾参生长土壤的养分特性  

Nutrient Characters of Growing Soil of Wild Disporum cantoniensein Guizhou

作　　者：黄楠[1,2] 王华磊[1,2] 赵致 刘红昌[1,2] 罗春丽[1,2] 李金玲[1,2] 罗夫来[1,2] 龙贵云[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省药用植物繁育与种植重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2013年第8期95-99,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省中药现代化科技产业研究开发专项"贵州苗药百尾参野生变家种研究"[黔科合中药字(2010)5030];贵州省科教青年英才培养工程项目"贵州苗药繁殖技术研究"[黔省专合字(2012)148];贵州省科技厅创新人才团队建设项目"贵州省中药材资源保护与可持续利用研究创新团队"[黔科合人才团队(2010)4006];贵州省科技厅重点实验室计划项目"贵州省药用植物繁育与种植重点实验室建设"[黔科合计Z字(2010)4015];贵州省中药现代化科技产业研究开发专项"黄精;桔梗;白术等六种药用植物良种生产技术体系研究及应用示范"[黔科合中药字(2012)5002]

摘　　要：为了探明贵州野生百尾参生长的土壤养分特性,以贵州省9个地区的35份野生百尾参生长土样为材料,采用实验室方法对其pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾和速效磷等养分特征进行分析.结果表明：1）贵州百尾参生长土壤的pH为4.50～6.71,有机质含量为0.05～5.85 g/kg,全氮含量为5.96～77.49 g/kg,碱解氮含量为44.65～744.68 mg/kg,速效钾含量为44.45～611.80 mg/kg,速效磷含量为5.84～17.70mg/kg,有效微量元素铁含量为32.17～157.89 mg/kg,锰为2.34～260.46 mg/kg,铜为0.42～5.31 mg/kg,锌为1.23～17.37 mg/kg,钙为235.05～14 182.84 mg/kg,镁64.36～803.39 mg/kg.2）贵州野生百尾参生长土壤养分指标间存在一定的相关性,且以有机质和碱解氮的相关系数最大；有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾及有效微量元素钙、镁、锰、锌是百尾参生长土壤养分的主要特征指标；各区域百尾参生长土壤的养分特征具有一定的相似性,但同一区域的土壤养分特性又存在一定的差异；百尾参对土壤养分的适应性较强,但对有机质含量的要求较高.因此,在种植百尾参时,可根据土壤实际情况施入适量有机肥和微肥作底肥.To explore the nutrient characters of growing soil for wild D.cantoniense in Guizhou,the characteristics of soil nutrients（pH,OM,TN,AN,AK and AP） for 35 wild D.cantoniense materials in nine regions of Guizhou were analyzed in the laboratory.Results：1） The growing soil of wild D.cantoniense in Guizhou,pH was 4.50～6.71,organic matter content 0.05～5.85 g/kg,TN content 5.96～77.49 g/kg,AN content 44.65～774.68 mg/kg,AK content 44.45～611.80 mg/kg,AP content 5.84～17.70 mg/kg,available Fe 32.17～157.89 mg/kg,available Mn 2.34～260.46 mg/kg,available Cu 0.42～5.31 mg/kg,available Zn 1.23 ～ 17.37 mg/kg,available Ca 235.05 ～ 14182.84 mg/kg and available Mg 64.36～803.39 mg/kg.2） The nutrient content of growing soil of wild D.cantoniense in Guizhou had certain correlation,the largest correlative coefficient was between OM and AN;OM,TN and AN,AK,Ca,Mg,Mn,and Zn were regarded as the most functional nutrient elements for the growing soil of wild D.cantoniense; The characteristics of soil nutrient of wild D.cantoniense in each area was similar,but the same area had diversity.The soil of wild D.cantoniense had strong adaptability,it was of higher demand of organic matter,it was suggested to plant wild D.cantoniense with applying optimum organic fertilizer and micro-element fertilizer as base fertilizer according to the actual soil status.

关 键 词：野生百尾参 土壤 养分特性 贵州 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]