人工寰齿关节置换后各寰枢椎部件生物力学性能的有限元分析  

Finite element analysis of atlas-axis components biomechanlcal property following artificial atlanto-odontoid joint arthroplasty

作　　者：胡勇[1] 张美超[2] 赵红勇[1] 袁振山[1] 董伟鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁波市第六医院脊柱外科 [2]南方医科大学生物力学重点实验室

出　　处：《中国骨与关节损伤杂志》2013年第9期801-804,共4页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Injury

基　　金：浙江省卫生厅医药卫生科学研究基金(2009A189);宁波市自然科学基金项目(2010A610059)

摘　　要：目的通过有限元分析方法评估人工寰齿关节置换后寰枢椎各部件的生物力学性能,以便对其结构优化提供理论依据。方法对人体正常新鲜寰枢椎尸体标本和人工寰齿关节行薄层CT扫描,利用Mimics软件、Freeform Plus软件及Ansys软件,模拟临床前路减压术,将人工寰齿关节模型装配于寰枢椎模型上,构建人工寰齿关节置换后寰枢关节几何模型。对实体模型进行网格划分,并在网格模型基础上添加相关韧带结构,最终建立人工寰齿关节置换后寰枢关节的有限元网格模型。给予模型分别施加前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转4种生理载荷,计算分析不同载荷下人工寰齿关节置换后寰枢椎各部件的应力分布情况。结果在前屈和后伸状态下,枢椎螺钉钉尾处表现高应力,而寰椎螺钉钉尾未出现高应力;在各种运动状态下,应力集中区分别为人工寰齿关节钢板钉孔处和两部件接触处,枢椎钢板与椎骨接触处也出现应力集中。结论人工寰齿关节钢板钉孔处、枢椎螺钉钉尾和寰枢椎部件接触处容易出现应力集中,人工寰齿关节表面需要涂层处理及其材料硬度和耐磨性有待进一步优化。Objective To evaluate the biomechanical features of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint by finite element method,in order to optimize the design of the internal fixation. Methods A normal fresh human specimens of atlas and axial and artificial atlanto-odontoid joint underwent CT scan. According to clinical practice, dealing with atlas and axial and assembling artificial atlanto-odontoid joint, the three-dimensional geometric model was established by Mimics, Freeform Plus and Ansys. After meshing the solid model using tetrahedral solid elements and adding the relevant ligament structure, the meshed model was acquired and finished at last. Model was subjected to flexion-extension,lateral bending and axial rotation load.The load transfer of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint under different direction were evaluated biomechanically. Results In flexion and extension, stress was found concentrating around the screws of axis, not the screws of atlas. Under all directions, stress was found concentrating around the screws holes of the plates and junction of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint, the junction of axis and fixators. Conclusion Stress was found concentrating around the screws holes of the plates, the screws of axis and the junction of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint, it is necessary to improve the functions of hardness and anti-friction of artificial atanto-odontoid joint.

关 键 词：生物力学 有限元方法 寰齿关节 关节成形术 结构优化 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]