信任是一种冒险行为吗？--实验经济学的检验  

Is Trust a Risky Decision?A Study Based on Experimental Economics

作　　者：李建标[1] 李朝阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国公司治理研究院,商学院,天津300071

出　　处：《预测》2013年第5期39-43,49,共6页Forecasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71172068,70972086,71132001);国家社会科学基金重大招标课题(10zd&035);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(10JJD630002);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(PCSIRT)

摘　　要：信任是人们合作的基础,是建立社会秩序的主要工具之一,但信任行为总是和风险决策相关联的。本文运用实验经济学的方法,设计信任博弈、风险博弈、彩票对选择等实验测度人们的信任程度与风险态度,探讨风险态度对信任行为的影响程度,考察人们在自然风险状态下和人际交往风险状态下的决策行为。结果发现风险厌恶对信任行为有抑制作用,但二者是情景依赖的;与人际交往风险状态相比人们更喜欢自然风险状态,背叛厌恶心理导致信任程度的降低;不同性别被试的风险态度存在显著差异,进而影响他们的信任程度;利他偏好对信任行为有着重要的促进作用。Trust which is the basis for cooperation is one of the important tools to establish social orders, and the trust behavior is always associated with risk decision-making. In a serious of experiments that focus on measuring the level of trust and the risk attitudes, we investigate the decision-making behaviors of people in the natural risk state and interper- sonal risk state, and discuss the degree that risk attitude influence on the trust behavior. Our experiments include trust game, risk game, lottery choice experiment. The results reveal that trust behavior is inhibited by the risk aversion, and the relationship of both is context dependent. When individuals make decisions, they have more trust in the outcomes of profit that determined by natural than the outcomes determined by the other party of the interpersonal contacts. Betrayal aversion leads to the reduction of the level of trust. We also find the significant relationship between the difference of gender and risk attitudes, and individuals＇ level of trust is different between the male and the female. Altruistic prefer- ences play an important role in promoting trust behavior.

关 键 词：信任 风险态度 背叛厌恶 实验经济学 

分 类 号：F019.6[经济管理—政治经济学]