艺术博物馆生态系统：一种新的替换模式  

The Art Museum Ecosystem:A New Alternative Model

作　　者：郑柳和 刘鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]宾夕法尼亚州立大学 [2]江苏省美术馆,南京210018

出　　处：《文化艺术研究》2013年第2期152-164,共13页Studies in Culture and Art

摘　　要：个人、人类社会及自然世界内部相连、相互依赖,主要通过社交网络得以完成。博物馆恰好符合这个范式,理由在于,博物馆的职员、部门、藏品、使命、观众及其他文化教育机构是相互联系、不可分割的,均受到其他因素的影响。然而,许多博物馆的运营体系等级森严,缺乏沟通和交流。其结果便是,知识与思想未能在博物馆专业人士和博物馆所在社区得以有效共享并得以更新。这些博物馆实践将多种观点排除在外,对未被充分代表的群体的利益置若罔闻。通过假定一个生态博物馆模型的渠道,本文提供了一个可供替换的博物馆管理和教育模式。该模式把博物馆看作其所在社区和社会中一分子,包罗万象并兼具生态学的诸多特征。This paper provides a theoretical perspective on an art museum as an ecosystem, drawing on the ecological perspective described by Gregory Bateson. Thisperspective views individuals, human soci- eties, and nature as interconnected and interdependent through communicative networks. Museums fit nicely into this paradigm in that staff members, departments, collections, mission statements, visitors, and other cultural and educational institutions are linked together, influencing and being influenced byeach other. The operational systems of many museums, however, are hierarchical and non - communica- tive. As a result, knowledge and ideas are not efficiently shared and transformed among museum profes- sionals and the communities they serve. These museum practices have excluded diverse perspectives and neglected the interests of underrepresented people. Through hypothesizing the ecological museum model, I provide an alternative museum management and educational model that sees museums as holistic and e- cological institutions as part of their larger communities and societies. By introducing this theoretical mod- el, I hope to influence museum discourse in ways that make museum practices more inclusive.

关 键 词：博物馆管理 文化多样性 社会包容 艺术博物馆 知识生态学 包容性博物馆 构成主义博物馆 社会责任 

分 类 号：J261[艺术—美术]