北外窗遮阳的必要性及遮阳设施的优化选择  

Necessity of shading on north facade and optimal selection of shading device

作　　者：陶求华[1,2] 李峥嵘[1] 蒋福建[1] 胡玲周[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院 [2]集美大学机械与能源工程学院

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第9期151-158,共8页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278349);福建省能源清洁利用与开发重点实验室开放基金资助项目

摘　　要：首先分析了在空调季上海、厦门两地建筑各朝向表面的太阳直射和散射分布;其次,建立遮阳建筑模拟分析模型,利用Energy-plus软件,分析不同尺寸的固定遮阳板、不同性能的外遮阳卷帘以及不同倾角下的百叶对建筑北向房间的太阳辐射得热和建筑采光的影响,并对各种遮阳设施进行眩光分析,发现使用固定遮阳板和卷帘的眩光总小时数较多;最后,模拟分析北向房间外窗采用不同遮阳设施的全年建筑照明能耗和空调能耗;结果表明,上海地区北外窗采用中反射率中透过率的卷帘节能效果最明显,可调百叶节能效果与卷帘接近,固定遮阳板节能效果不明显;厦门地区北外窗采用可调百叶节能效果最明显,高反射率低透过率的卷帘次之,固定遮阳板节能效果最小;综合考虑节能效果和眩光,上海和厦门两地采用可调百叶遮阳效果最好。This research is aimed at exploring the necessity of shade on the north facade and optimal selection of shading device. Firstly, the direct and diffuse solar radiation distribution on the surface of each orientation is analyzed in the air conditioning period in Shanghai and Xiamen. Secondly, the simulated building model is established to analysis the impact of different external shades on solar radiation heat gain and day-lighting with Energy-plus. These shades include fixed overhang of different dimensions, roller with different properties and louver of different slat angles. The glare index of different shade devices is also analyzed, results show that the hours exceeding the glare index set point of the fixed overhang and roller are far more than louver＇s. Finally, the impact of different external shades on lighting energy consumption and air conditioning energy consumption on the north facades is analyzed. Results show that the use of medium-reflect and medium-transmit external roller is the most energy-saving in Shanghai, the effect of adjustable external blind is close to the roller, and the effect of fixed overhang is not obvious. In Xiamen, the use of adjustable external blind is the most energy-saving, the next is roller, and the last is fixed overhang. Taking energy-saving and glare into consideration, adjustable louver is the best choice of shade on the north facade in Shanghai and Xiamen.

关 键 词：北外窗 综合能耗 眩光分析 可调百叶 卷帘 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]