老年皮肤瘙痒症的危险因素分析  

Risk Factors of Elderly Cutaneous Pruritus

作　　者：李丹[1] 窦娜[1] 马素慧[1] 杨洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学护理与康复学院,河北省唐山市063000 [2]河北联合大学附属医院皮肤科

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第26期3062-3065,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：河北省科技支撑项目(12276104D-61)

摘　　要：目的探讨老年皮肤瘙痒症的影响因素,为此类患者的健康教育和病情控制提供依据。方法按城乡、年龄、地域分层随机抽样的方法抽取唐山市市区及农村60岁以上的老年人912名,采用自编一般情况调查表、改良皮肤瘙痒症综合评价量表进行调查,并对影响因素进行分析。结果 (1)调查结果显示,辛辣、海鲜类饮食,洗澡次数>3次/周、洗澡水温度>50℃、经常使用碱性洗澡物,经常饮用咖啡和浓茶、用洗衣粉洗涤衣物、较紧内衣着装,睡眠质量差,夫妻经常吵架,情绪烦躁易怒者的瘙痒症发生率均高(P<0.05)。(2)以瘙痒评分为因变量,以辛辣、海鲜类饮食,碱性洗澡物,咖啡,浓茶,洗衣粉洗涤衣物,较紧内衣着装,夫妻经常吵架,情绪烦躁易怒为自变量进行多因素分析,结果显示以上因素均进入回归方程,且得到对老年皮肤瘙痒影响程度大小的排序:碱性洗澡物>辛辣、海鲜类饮食>浓茶>情绪烦躁易怒>夫妻经常吵架>咖啡>较紧内衣着装>洗衣粉洗涤衣物。结论经常使用碱性洗涤物,喜欢辛辣、海鲜类饮食,经常饮用浓茶、咖啡,情绪烦躁易怒,喜欢穿紧身内衣是老年皮肤瘙痒症发生的高危因素,应加强对老年人的健康教育,提高其认知水平,降低老年皮肤瘙痒症的发生率。Objective To investigate the influencing factors of elderly cutaneous pruritus, to provide a basis for health education and control of patients＇ condition. Methods Stratified random sampling was used to choose 912 over - 60 - year - old aged residents of Tangshan communities. The self - made general questionnaire, improved pruritus comprehensive assessment scales were used to analyze its influencing factors. Results （ 1 ） Hot or sea food, bathing times 〉 3 times or bathing water temperature 〉 50 ℃, use of alkaline bath things, regular consumption of coffee and tea, detergent washing, wearing tight un- derwear, poor quality of sleep, husband - wife quarrellings, emotional irritability led a high incidence of elderly cutaneous pruri- tus （P 〈 0. 05）. （2） Taking cutaneous pruritus as dependent variable, hot or sea food, alkaline bath things, coffee, tea, detergent washing, wearing tight underwear, husband -wife quarrellings, emotional irritability as independent variables, all of the above - mentioned factors entered into the regression equation, and the order for influencing degrees of cutaneous pruritus was gained （ alkaline bath things 〉 hot or sea food 〉 tea 〉 emotional irritability 〉 husband - wife quarrellings 〉 coffee 〉 tight underwear 〉 detergent washing）. Conclusion Use of alkaline bath things, hot or sea food, consumption of strong tea or coffee, emotion- al irritability, wearing tight underwear are risk factors of elderly cutaneous pruritus. Health education should be strengthened to improve their awareness to reduce the incidence of cutaneous pruritus.

关 键 词：老年人 瘙痒症 危险因素 

分 类 号：R758.31[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]