煤运铁路电焊工心电图分析  

Electrocardiogram of Welders Working on Rail Lines for Coal

作　　者：李世锋[1] 张芳芳[1] 王永生[1] 刘儒[1] 李中健[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第二附属医院,河南省郑州市450014

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第26期3131-3132,共2页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的调查分析煤运铁路电焊工的心电图异常情况。方法选择2009—2010年在我院体检的某段煤运铁路男性电焊工210名为观察组,以该煤运铁路年龄及工龄相匹配的男性健康体检工人210名为对照组,两组受试者均脱离作业环境24 h后在安静状态下采用日本光电生产的6511型心电图机,平卧位行常规12导联心电图检查。结果观察组心电图总的异常率(24.29%,51/210)高于对照组(1.43%,3/210),差异有统计学意义(χ2=48.962,P=0.000)。观察组窦性心动过缓、窦性心律不齐、低电压、左室高电压、ST-T改变异常率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在不同工龄组,观察组心电图异常检出率均高于对照组;观察组组内比较,5～、10～、15～年工龄心电图异常率低于<5和20～33年工龄者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论煤运铁路电焊工心电图的异常率明显高于对照人群,可能是受其工作环境的影响,应加强必要的个体防噪、防尘措施,防止职业病的发生。Objective To analyze the Electrocardiogram （ECG） abnormalities of welders working on rail lines for coal. Methods A total of 210 male welders working on a coal rail line were enrolled into study group, another 210 healthy male subjects working on the line into control group. A conventional 12 - lead ECG was performed after separated from operating envi- ronment for 24 h. Results The total abnormal rate was higher in study group （24. 29%, 51/210） than in control group （1.43%, 3/210）, the difference was significant （X2 = 48. 962, P = 0. 000）, and the rates of sinus bradycardia, sinus ar- rhythmia, low voltage, left ventricle high voltage, ST- T change abnormality higher, the difference was significant （P 〈 0. 05）. In different working age groups, ECG abnormality detection rate was higher in stuuy group than in control group. With in group comparisons of observation group, the abnormal rate of ECG of 5 -, 10 -, 15 - years working age group less than 〈 5 and 20 - 33 years working age group （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The ECG abnormality of welders working on rail line for coal, remarkably higher than that of control population, may be influenced by their working environment. Measures of individual noise control and dust prevention should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases.

关 键 词：职业暴露 铁路 噪声 职业性 心电描记术 电焊工 

分 类 号：R598[医药卫生—内科学]