松花江流域鱼体内重金属含量的监测与污染评价  

Monitoring and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Fishes of Songhua River

作　　者：孙静雯[1] 于宏兵[1] 李云飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [2]内蒙古上都发电有限责任公司,内蒙古锡林郭勒026000

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2013年第5期29-33,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07526-002-01)

摘　　要：为研究松花江流域鱼体重金属的污染现状,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定松花江流域鱼类体内的Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg、As等7种重金属的残留量,使用综合污染指数法对污染情况进行了评价。结果表明,松花江鱼体中7种重金属的基准值由高到低依次为Zn、Cu、Cr、As、Pb、Hg和Cd,且除Hg以外,其他6种重金属的来源具有一定的相似性;第二松花江流域中鱼体内重金属残留量高于嫩江和松花江干流两条流域中鱼体内重金属残留量;参照《无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质的限量标准》(NK 5073-2006)和《食品中锌限量卫生标准》(GB13106-1991),鱼体内Pb、As、Cr和Zn的超标率很高,特别是Pb和As的污染比较严重。In order to investigate the current status of heavy metal pollution in fishes of the Songhua River, the Microwave-diges- tion and ICP-MS method was used to determine the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg, and As in fishes, and the heavy metal pollution status was assessed using the comprehensive pollution index method. The results showed that（l） the contents of heavy metals in fishes from high to low are Zn, Cu, Cr, As, Pb, Hg, and CA, and the sources of six heavy metals are similar ex- cept for Hg; （2） the contents of heavy metals in fishes of the Second Songhua River are higher than those in fishes of the Nen River and main stream of the Songhua River; and（3） based on the evaluation criterion of NK 5073-2006 and GB 13106-1991, the contents of Pb, As, Cr, and Zn exceed the standard values, especially the pollution status of Pb and As is serious.

关 键 词：松花江 重金属 微波消解法 电感耦合等离子体质谱法 聚类分析法 Pearson相关分析 污染指数法 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]